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PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Tanta est erga te mentis integritas, regina serenissima
QUEEN KATHARINE
O, good my lord, no Latin!
I am not such a truant since my coming
As not to know the language I have lived in.
A strange tongue makes my cause more strange, suspicious.
Pray speak in English. Here are some will thank you,
If you speak truth, for their poor mistress’ sake.
Believe me, she has had much wrong. Lord Cardinal,
The willing’st sin I ever yet committed
May be absolved in English

DUTCH:
Een vreemde tong maakt mijne zaak licht vreemder,
Licht meer verdacht.


MORE:
Truant=Poor student
Coming=Arrival (in England)
Strange tongue=Foreign language
Strange=Odd, alien
Willing=Most eagerly (committed)
Compleat:
Truant=Een Lanterfant
To play the truant=Lanterfanten; in plaats van na school te gaan, speelen loopen (Amsterdam zegt ‘Stutteloopen’)
Willing=Willende, gewillig
Willingly=Gewilliglyk

Topics: language, order/society

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: First Gentleman
CONTEXT:
FIRST GENTLEMAN
The same.
All these accused him strongly; which he fain
Would have flung from him, but, indeed, he could not:
And so his peers, upon this evidence,
Have found him guilty of high treason. Much
He spoke, and learnedly, for life; but all
Was either pitied in him or forgotten.
SECOND GENTLEMAN
After all this, how did he bear himself?

DUTCH:
Die allen klaagden zwaar hem aan; hij wilde
Dit van zich schudden, maar vermocht het niet.
Zoo vonden dan zijn pairs op hun getuig’nis
Aan hoogverraad hem schuldig

MORE:
Fain=Gladly, willingly; always joined with would; followed by a clause
Flung=Thrown off, denied
Compleat:
Fain=Gaern
Foung=Geworpen, gesmeeten

Topics: evidence, defence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Madam, this is a mere distraction;
You turn the good we offer into envy.
QUEEN KATHERINE
You turn me into nothing: woe upon you
And all such false professors! would you have me—
If you have any justice, any pity;
If you be any thing but churchmen’s habits—
Put my sick cause into his hands that hates me?
Alas, has banish’d me his bed already,
His love, too long ago! I am old, my lords,
And all the fellowship I hold now with him
Is only my obedience. What can happen
To me above this wretchedness? all your studies
Make me a curse like this.

DUTCH:
Wat kan mij overkomen,
Nog boven deze ellend’? Uw streven maakt
Mij zulk een vloek.

MORE:
Distraction=Deranged, madness
Envy=Spite, malice
Professor=One who professes, declares (here: to be Christian)
Habit=Clothes
Sick=Poor, weak
Studies=Efforts
Fellowship=Relationship, bond
Compleat:
Distraction=Gescheurdheyd, verwydering; krankzinnigheyd
Envy=Nyd, afgunst
To profess=(hold a doctrine) Een leer belyden, gelooven, belydenis doen
To study=Benaarstigen, betrachten
Fellowship=Gemeenschap, medegenootschap, gezelschap

Topics: madness, justice

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Second Gentleman
CONTEXT:
SECOND GENTLEMAN
That trick of state
Was a deep envious one.
FIRST GENTLEMAN
At his return
No doubt he will requite it.
This is noted,
And generally: whoever the King favors,
The Card’nal instantly will find employment,
And far enough from court too.
SECOND GENTLEMAN
All the commons
Hate him perniciously and, o’ my conscience,
Wish him ten fathom deep. This duke as much
They love and dote on, call him bounteous Buckingham,
The mirror of all courtesy.
FIRST GENTLEMAN
Stay there, sir,
And see the noble ruined man you speak of.

DUTCH:
Dit is bekend,
En aan een elk: is iemand bij den koning
In gunst, de kardinaal geeft hem een zending,
En ver genoeg van ‘t hof.

MORE:
Envious=Malicious
Requite=Revenge
Commons=The common people, commoners
Mirror=Example
Compleat:
Envious=Nydig, afgunstig, wangunstig
To requite=Vergelden
To requite a man in his own way=Iemand met gelyke munt betaalen
The common (vulgar) people=Het gemeene Volk

Topics: envy, manipulation

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
To the king I’ll say’t; and make my vouch as strong
As shore of rock. Attend. This holy fox,
Or wolf, or both,— for he is equal ravenous
As he is subtle, and as prone to mischief
As able to perform’t; his mind and place
Infecting one another, yea, reciprocally—
Only to show his pomp as well in France
As here at home, suggests the king our master
To this last costly treaty, the interview,
That swallow’d so much treasure, and like a glass
Did break i’ the rinsing.

DUTCH:
Want hij is vraatzuchtig
Niet min dan sluw, en even tuk op boosheid,
Als tot het doen in staat.

MORE:
Vouch=Assertion, allegation
Place=Position, rank
Pomp=Magnificence, splendour
Suggest=Tempt
Interview=Meeting
Compleat:
To vouch=Staande houden, bewyzen, verzekeren
Place=Plaats
Pomp=Pracht, praal, staatsi
Suggest=Ingeeven, insteeken, inluysteren, inblaazen
Interview=Een t’Zamenkomst, mondeling gesprek

Topics: promise, appearance, ambition, manipulation

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
Be advised.
Heat not a furnace for your foe so hot
That it do singe yourself. We may outrun
By violent swiftness that which we run at
And lose by overrunning. Know you not
The fire that mounts the liquor till ’t run o’er
In seeming to augment it wastes it? Be advised.
I say again there is no English soul
More stronger to direct you than yourself,
If with the sap of reason you would quench
Or but allay the fire of passion.
BUCKINGHAM
Sir, I am thankful to you, and I’ll go along
By your prescription. But this top-proud fellow—
Whom from the flow of gall I name not, but
From sincere motions—by intelligence,
And proofs as clear as founts in July when
We see each grain of gravel, I do know
To be corrupt and treasonous.

DUTCH:
O laat u raden,
Stook de’ oven voor uw vijand niet zoo heet,
Dat die uzelf verzengt.

MORE:
Outrun=Run past
Overrun=Overshoot, run past, leave behind
Run over=Boil over
Augment=Increase in size
Go along by=Go along with, follow
Prescription=Advice, direction
Gall=Bitterness of mind, rancour
Motions=Motives
Compleat:
To out-run=Voorby loopen, ontloopen, voorby rennen
To augment=Vermeerderen, vergrooten, toeneemen
I will go along with thee=Ik zal met u gaan
Prescription=Voorschryving, verordening; Aaloud gebruyk
Gall=Gal. Bitter as gall=Zo bitter als gal
Motion=Beweeging, aandryving, voorslag

Topics: patience, anger, caution, reason

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
I read in’s looks
Matter against me; and his eye reviled
Me, as his abject object: at this instant
He bores me with some trick: he’s gone to the king;
I’ll follow and outstare him.
NORFOLK
Stay, my lord,
And let your reason with your choler question
What ’tis you go about: to climb steep hills
Requires slow pace at first: anger is like
A full-hot horse, who being allow’d his way,
Self-mettle tires him. Not a man in England
Can advise me like you: be to yourself
As you would to your friend.

DUTCH:
Mij gaf geen man in Eng’land
Ooit beter raad dan gij; wees voor uzelven
Wat gij uw’ vriend zoudt zijn.

MORE:
Matter=Substance of a complaint
Abject object=Object of contempt
Bore=To bore into, wound
Trick=Art, knack, contrivance
Outstare=Face down
Choler=Anger, bile
Compleat:
Matter=Stoffe, zaak, oorzaak
Abject=Veragt, gering, snood, lafhartig, verworpen
Bore=Booren, doorbooren
Trick=Een looze trek, greep, gril
Cholerick=Oploopend, haastig, toornig. To be in choler=Toornig zyn

Burgersdijk notes:
Zijn oog verlaagde mij als zijn lage prooi. Het Engelsch heeft: His eye reviled me as his abject object, een woordspeling, die niet te vertalen is. De kardinaal wist zeer goed, met welk een oog Buckingham hem beschouwde en nam zijn maatregelen. Des hertogs schoonzoon, den graaf van Surrey, zoon van den hertog van Norfolk, deed hij, in plaats van lord Kildare, tot stadhouder van Ierland benoemen, opdat Buckingham, als hij beschuldigd werd, den steun zijns schoonzoons missen zou, en koos verder
het werktuig van zijn haat maar al te goed. De hertog van Buckingham had kort te voren, op aandringen zijner pachters, zijn rentmeester of inspecteur Charles Knevet uit zijn dienst ontslagen. Deze man werd beschuldiger van zijn voormaligen heer. Hij verklaarde in een door Wolsey uitgelokt verhoor, dat de hertog, met zijn schoonzoon George Nevil, lord Abergavenny, sprekende, meer dan eens gewaagd had van zijn plan om de kroon te erlangen in geval de koning kinderloos mocht sterven, en alsdan zijn doodvijand, den kardinaal, te straffen. De kardinaal spoorde nu den rentmeester aan, zonder vrees alles te zeggen, wat hij omtrent deze zaak kon mededeelen, en Knevet, ‘t zij door wraakzucht, ‘t zij door hoop op belooning gedreven, openbaarde weldra zaken, die voor den hertog zeer bezwarend waren. Een zekere Nikolaas Hopkins, een monnik uit het Karthuizerklooster Henton bij Bristol, vroeger biechtvader van den hertog, zou dezen voorspeld hebben, dat hij eens den troon zou bestijgen; de hertog zou, door dit vooruitzicht verblind, eens het plan hebben opgevat den koning uit den weg te ruimen, en Knevet verzekerde, zelf uit ‘s hertogs mond, in een huis te Londen, onder den naam van de Roos bekend en in het kerspel St. Laurentius Pultnie gelegen, duidelijke toespelingen op dit plan vernomen te hebben. — Ten gevolge dezer beschuldigingen werd Buckingham gevat en in den Tower gehuisvest; tegelijk werden Lord Abergavenny, de monnik Hopkins, John de la Car, biechtvader en de priester Gilbert Peck of Perke, kanselier des hertogs, in hechtenis genomen. — De Tudors hadden reden om kroon pretendenten als Buckingham te duchten, want Buckingham stamde in rechte mannelijke lijn van Thomas van Woodstock, hertog van Gloster, den jongsten zoon van koning Edward III af, terwijl de Tudors wel een ouderen zoon, Jan van Gent, hertog van Lancaster, tot stamvader hadden, maar uit den minder echten tak der Beauforts sproten.

Topics: anger, dispute, plans/intentions, caution

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
ABERGAVENNY
A proper title of a peace; and purchased
At a superfluous rate
BUCKINGHAM
Why, all this business
Our reverend cardinal carried.
NORFOLK
Like it your grace,
The state takes notice of the private difference
Betwixt you and the cardinal. I advise you—
And take it from a heart that wishes towards you
Honour and plenteous safety—that you read
The cardinal’s malice and his potency
Together; to consider further that
What his high hatred would effect wants not
A minister in his power. You know his nature,
That he’s revengeful, and I know his sword
Hath a sharp edge: it’s long and, ‘t may be said,
It reaches far, and where ’twill not extend,
Thither he darts it. Bosom up my counsel,
You’ll find it wholesome. Lo, where comes that rock
That I advise your shunning.

DUTCH:
Neem mijn raad ter harte,
En ‘t zal u goed doen. Zie, daar komt de rots,
Die ik u ried te ontwijken.

MORE:
Proverb: Kings have long arms
Purchased=Gained
Rate=Cost
To carry=To manage
Difference=Dispute
Read=Consider, view
High=Haughty
Bosom up=Take to heart, heed
Wholesome=Beneficial
Compleat:
Purchase=Verkrygen
Rate=Prys, waardy
To carry=Draagen, voeren, brengen
Difference=Verschhil, onderscheyd
Read=Leezen
High=Hoog, verheven
Wholesom=Gezond, heylzaam, heelzaam

Topics: proverbs and idioms, caution, dispute, authority

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Chamberlain
CONTEXT:
SUFFOLK
The Cardinal’s letters to the Pope miscarried
And came to th’ eye o’ th’ King, wherein was read
How that the Cardinal did entreat his Holiness
To stay the judgment o’ th’ divorce; for if
It did take place, “I do,” quoth he, “perceive
My king is tangled in affection to
A creature of the Queen’s, Lady Anne Bullen.”
SURREY
Has the King this?
SUFFOLK
Believe it.
SURREY
Will this work?
CHAMBERLAIN
The King in this perceives him how he coasts
And hedges his own way. But in this point
All his tricks founder, and he brings his physic
After his patient’s death: the King already
Hath married the fair lady.

DUTCH:
Nu merkt de koning, hoe de paap zijn wegen
Omsluipt, doorsnuffelt; doch thans helpen hem
Zijn treken niets; thans komt hij met zijn drankjen
Na ‘s lijders dood.

MORE:
Proverb: After death the doctor
Miscarried=Wrongly delivered
Creature=Servant
To coast=Wander, change course (in allegance)
To hedge=Shift
Compleat:
Miscarry=Mislukken, quaalyk uytvallen
The letter was miscarry’d=De brief was niet wel besteld
To coast along=Langs de strand (of kust) vaaren
To hedge=Beheynen, omheynen

Topics: conspiracy, discovery, truth, proverbs and idioms

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Second Gentleman
CONTEXT:
SECOND GENTLEMAN
I am confident,
You shall, sir: did you not of late days hear
A buzzing of a separation
Between the king and Katharine?
FIRST GENTLEMAN
Yes, but it held not:
For when the king once heard it, out of anger
He sent command to the lord mayor straight
To stop the rumour, and allay those tongues
That durst disperse it.
SECOND GENTLEMAN
But that slander, sir,
Is found a truth now: for it grows again
Fresher than e’er it was; and held for certain
The king will venture at it. Either the cardinal,
Or some about him near, have, out of malice
To the good queen, possess’d him with a scruple
That will undo her: to confirm this too,
Cardinal Campeius is arrived, and lately;
As all think, for this business.

DUTCH:
Maar die lastertaal
Blijkt waarheid nu; zij groeit op nieuw, en frisscher
Dan ooit, weer aan.

MORE:
Proverb: It may be a slander but it is no lie
Buzzing=Rumours
Durst=Ventured to, dared to
Fresher=Stronger (than ever)
Possessed with a scruple=Sowed suspicion
Compleat:
Durst=Durfde
Scruple=Zwaarigheyd, schroom

Topics: proverbs and idioms, conscience, truth

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Cromwell, I did not think to shed a tear
In all my miseries; but thou hast forced me,
Out of thy honest truth, to play the woman.
Let’s dry our eyes: and thus far hear me, Cromwell;
And, when I am forgotten, as I shall be,
And sleep in dull cold marble, where no mention
Of me more must be heard of, say, I taught thee,
Say, Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,
And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour,
Found thee a way, out of his wreck, to rise in;
A sure and safe one, though thy master miss’d it.
Mark but my fall, and that that ruin’d me.
Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition:
By that sin fell the angels; how can man, then,
The image of his Maker, hope to win by it?
Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee;
Corruption wins not more than honesty.
Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,
To silence envious tongues. Be just, and fear not:
Let all the ends thou aim’st at be thy country’s,
Thy God’s, and truth’s; then if thou fall’st,
O Cromwell,
Thou fall’st a blessed martyr! Serve the king;
And,—prithee, lead me in:
There take an inventory of all I have,
To the last penny; ’tis the king’s: my robe,
And my integrity to heaven, is all
I dare now call mine own. O Cromwell, Cromwell!
Had I but served my God with half the zeal
I served my king, he would not in mine age
Have left me naked to mine enemies.

DUTCH:
Omkooping helpt niet meer dan eerlijkheid.
Draag steeds in uwe rechte zoeten vrede,
Om haat te dempen.

MORE:
Play the woman=Weep (common expression at the time)
Sounded=Fathomed (as in depth sounding, i.e. measuring the depth of a body of water)
Shoal=Shallow place
Mark=Consider
Charge=Exhort
Still=Always
Ends=Goals, objectives
Compleat:
To sound=Peilen
Mark=Let er op
Charge=Belasten

Topics: cited in law, loyalty, age/experience, ambition

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Good man, those joyful tears show thy true heart:
The common voice, I see, is verified
Of thee, which says thus, ‘Do my Lord of Canterbury
A shrewd turn, and he is your friend for ever.’
Come, lords, we trifle time away; I long
To have this young one made a Christian.
As I have made ye one, lords, one remain;
So I grow stronger, you more honour gain.

DUTCH:
Wel heeft het volk gelijk,
Dat zegt: „Speel aan mylord van Canterbury
Een booze treek, dan is hij steeds uw vriend.”

MORE:
Shrewd=Malicious, evil
Turn=Act
Trifle away=Waste
One=United
Compleat:
Shrewd=Loos, doortrapt, sneedig, vinnig, fel
A good turn=Een goeden dienst
Trifle away his time=Zyn tyd verleuteren of verquisten

Topics: honesty, unity/collaboration

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Cromwell, I did not think to shed a tear
In all my miseries; but thou hast forced me,
Out of thy honest truth, to play the woman.
Let’s dry our eyes: and thus far hear me, Cromwell;
And, when I am forgotten, as I shall be,
And sleep in dull cold marble, where no mention
Of me more must be heard of, say, I taught thee,
Say, Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,
And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour,
Found thee a way, out of his wreck, to rise in;
A sure and safe one, though thy master miss’d it.
Mark but my fall, and that that ruin’d me.
Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition:
By that sin fell the angels; how can man, then,
The image of his Maker, hope to win by it?
Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee;
Corruption wins not more than honesty.
Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,
To silence envious tongues. Be just, and fear not:
Let all the ends thou aim’st at be thy country’s,
Thy God’s, and truth’s; then if thou fall’st,
O Cromwell,
Thou fall’st a blessed martyr! Serve the king;
And,—prithee, lead me in:
There take an inventory of all I have,
To the last penny; ’tis the king’s: my robe,
And my integrity to heaven, is all
I dare now call mine own. O Cromwell, Cromwell!
Had I but served my God with half the zeal
I served my king, he would not in mine age
Have left me naked to mine enemies.

DUTCH:
O Cromwell, hoor mij, werp toch eerzucht weg!
Door deze zonde vielen eng’len; hoe
Kan dan de mensch, zijns makers beeld, ooit hopen
Er door te winnen?

MORE:
Play the woman=Weep (common expression at the time)
Sounded=Fathomed (as in depth sounding, i.e. measuring the depth of a body of water)
Shoal=Shallow place
Mark=Consider
Charge=Exhort
Still=Always
Ends=Goals, objectives
Compleat:
To sound=Peilen
Mark=Let er op
Charge=Belasten
End=Eynde, oogmerk

Topics: ambition, corruption, honesty

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
If your grace
Could but be brought to know our ends are honest,
You’ld feel more comfort: why should we, good lady,
Upon what cause, wrong you? alas, our places,
The way of our profession is against it:
We are to cure such sorrows, not to sow ’em.
For goodness’ sake, consider what you do;
How you may hurt yourself, ay, utterly
Grow from the king’s acquaintance, by this carriage.
The hearts of princes kiss obedience,
So much they love it; but to stubborn spirits
They swell, and grow as terrible as storms.
I know you have a gentle, noble temper,
A soul as even as a calm: pray, think us
Those we profess, peace-makers, friends, and servants.

DUTCH:
Wij moeten kommer heelen, niet hem zaaien.
Bedenk om ‘s hemels wille, wat gij doet,
Hoe gij uzelve leed doen.

MORE:
End=Objective
Place=Position, rank
Carriage=Conduct, action
Calm=Calm sea
Compleat:
End=Het end, eynde, oogmerk
Place=Plaats
Carriage=Gedrag, aanstelling, ommegaan, handel en wandel
Calm=Kalmte

Topics: purpose, remedy, authority

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL CAMPEIUS
They will not stick to say you envied him,
And fearing he would rise, he was so virtuous,
Kept him a foreign man still; which so grieved him,
That he ran mad and died.
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Heaven’s peace be with him!
That’s Christian care enough: for living murmurers
There’s places of rebuke. He was a fool;
For he would needs be virtuous: that good fellow,
If I command him, follows my appointment:
I will have none so near else. Learn this, brother,
We live not to be grip’d by meaner persons.

DUTCH:
Schenk’ God hem vrede!
Ziedaar eens christens wensch; voor hen, die leven
En morren, zijn er plaatsen, waar men straft.

MORE:
Stick=Hesitate
Murmurers=Gossip mongers
Appointment=Command
Griped=Seized
Compleat:
Stick=Schroomen
To murmur=Morren, murmureeren
To murmur against=Tegen morren
Appointer=Een bestemmer, verordineerdeer
To gripe=Grypen, vatten, nypen

Topics: envy, order/society

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.4
SPEAKER: Guildford
CONTEXT:
GUILDFORD
Ladies, a general welcome from his Grace
Salutes you all. This night he dedicates
To fair content and you. None here, he hopes,
In all this noble bevy has brought with her
One care abroad. He would have all as merry
As, first, good company, good wine, good welcome
Can make good people.

DUTCH:
Niet éene
Van heel deze’ eed’len zwerm bracht, zoo hij hoopt,
Eén zorg hier mee; zoo lustig wenscht hij u,
Als goede vrienden, goede wijn, goed welkom
Steeds goede menschen maakt.

MORE:
Burgersdijk notes:
Door zijn genade, schoone vrouwen, enz. Holinshed spreekt van vele groote feesten, tijdens de regeering van koning Hendrik VIII. Een daarvan, in York-place gegeven, wordt vooral uitvoerig beschreven; Holinshed heeft hier ongetwijfeld geput uit het levendig geschreven werk, Cavendish’s Life of Master Wolset’, dat wellicht ook door Sh. geraadpleegd werd. Wij vinden er vermeld, hoe de koning, begeleid door twaalf cavaliers, te water ongenoodigd het feest kwam bezoeken en zijne aankomst door kanonnen aankondigde; hij verscheen, evenals de cavaliers, in herderskleeding van goudlaken met karmozijnroode zijde afgezet, fraai gemaskerd, vergezeld van zestien toortsdragers, trommelslagers en verder gevolg, allen in satijn en gemaskerd. Het feest was reeds aan den gang, en werd geregeld door den lord kamerheer, sir Henry Guildford, en lord Sands; ook de ontvangst der naar het heette onverwachte gasten was nagenoeg geheel zooals zij hier door Sh. beschreven wordt. Nadat de koning herkend was, gingen hij en zijn gezelschap zich verkleeden; middelerwijl werd er op nieuw gedekt en aangericht; er kwamen meer dan tweehonderd verschillende schotels op tafel. De geheele nacht werd met banketteeren, dansen en andere vermakelijkheden doorgebracht.

Topics: friendship

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Cromwell, I did not think to shed a tear
In all my miseries; but thou hast forced me,
Out of thy honest truth, to play the woman.
Let’s dry our eyes: and thus far hear me, Cromwell;
And, when I am forgotten, as I shall be,
And sleep in dull cold marble, where no mention
Of me more must be heard of, say, I taught thee,
Say, Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,
And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour,
Found thee a way, out of his wreck, to rise in;
A sure and safe one, though thy master miss’d it.
Mark but my fall, and that that ruin’d me.
Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition:
By that sin fell the angels; how can man, then,
The image of his Maker, hope to win by it?
Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee;
Corruption wins not more than honesty.
Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,
To silence envious tongues. Be just, and fear not:
Let all the ends thou aim’st at be thy country’s,
Thy God’s, and truth’s; then if thou fall’st,
O Cromwell,
Thou fall’st a blessed martyr! Serve the king;
And,—prithee, lead me in:
There take an inventory of all I have,
To the last penny; ’tis the king’s: my robe,
And my integrity to heaven, is all
I dare now call mine own. O Cromwell, Cromwell!
Had I but served my God with half the zeal
I served my king, he would not in mine age
Have left me naked to mine enemies.

DUTCH:
O Cromwell, Cromwell!
Had ik slechts half zoo ijv’rig God gediend,
Als ik ‘t mijn koning deed, hij had mij niet
Naakt, oud, aan mijne haters prijsgegeven.

MORE:
Cited in Watergate hearings by Senator Sam J. Ervin Jr (though attributed wrongly to Henry IV). Senator Ervin, who headed the Senate Select Committee investigating Watergate, was also a former lawyer, as was his father before him.
Play the woman=Weep (common expression at the time)
Sounded=Fathomed (as in depth sounding, i.e. measuring the depth of a body of water)
Shoal=Shallow place
Mark=Consider
Charge=Exhort
Still=Always
Ends=Goals, objectives
Compleat:
To sound=Peilen
Mark=Let er op
Charge=Belasten

Topics: cited in law, loyalty, age/experience, ambition

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cromwell
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
The packet, Cromwell.
Gave’t you the king?
CROMWELL
To his own hand, in’s bedchamber.
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Look’d he o’ the inside of the paper?
CROMWELL
Presently
He did unseal them: and the first he view’d,
He did it with a serious mind; a heed
Was in his countenance. You he bade
Attend him here this morning.

DUTCH:
Terstond verbrak hij ‘t zegel;
En nauwlijks had hij ‘t eerste stuk ontvouwd,
Of hij werd ernstig; heel zijn wezen drukte
Zijn spanning uit.

MORE:
Packet=Package of papers
Presently=Immediately
Heed=Attention
Countenance=Face, expression
Compleat:
Presently=Terstond, opstaandevoet
Heed=Hoede, zorg, acht, toezigt
To heed=Acht hebben, in acht neemen
Countenance=Gelaat, gezigt, uytzigt, weezen

Topics: appearance, concern

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
‘Tis so:
This is the cardinal’s doing, the king-cardinal:
That blind priest, like the eldest son of fortune,
Turns what he list. The king will know him one day.
SUFFOLK
Pray God he do! he’ll never know himself else.
NORFOLK
How holily he works in all his business!
And with what zeal! for, now he has crack’d the league
Between us and the emperor, the queen’s great nephew,
He dives into the king’s soul, and there scatters
Dangers, doubts, wringing of the conscience,
Fears, and despairs; and all these for his marriage:
And out of all these to restore the king,
He counsels a divorce; a loss of her
That, like a jewel, has hung twenty years
About his neck, yet never lost her lustre;
Of her that loves him with that excellence
That angels love good men with; even of her
That, when the greatest stroke of fortune falls,
Will bless the king: and is not this course pious?

DUTCH:
Want nu hij ons verbond verbroken heeft
Met harer hoogheid grooten neef, den keizer,
Duikt hij in ‘s konings ziel, en zaait daarin
Gevaren, twijfel en gewetenswroeging,
Angst en vertwijfling.

MORE:
What he list=As he wishes
League=Alliance, friendship
Compleat:
Let them do what they list=Laat hen doen wat zy willen

Topics: manipulation

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Griffith
CONTEXT:
GRIFFITH
This cardinal,
Though from an humble stock, undoubtedly
Was fashion’d to much honour from his cradle.
He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one;
Exceeding wise, fair-spoken, and persuading:
Lofty and sour to them that loved him not;
But to those men that sought him sweet as summer.
And though he were unsatisfied in getting,
Which was a sin, yet in bestowing, madam,
He was most princely: ever witness for him
Those twins of learning that he raised in you,
Ipswich and Oxford! one of which fell with him,
Unwilling to outlive the good that did it;
The other, though unfinish’d, yet so famous,
So excellent in art, and still so rising,
That Christendom shall ever speak his virtue.
His overthrow heap’d happiness upon him;
For then, and not till then, he felt himself,
And found the blessedness of being little:
And, to add greater honours to his age
Than man could give him, he died fearing God.

DUTCH:
Want toen, en toen eerst, voelde hij zichzelf,
En vond het zalig waarlijk klein te zijn.

MORE:
Fashioned=Moulded, raised
Ripe=Mature
Lofty=Proud, haughty
Art=Learning
Little=Humble, unimportant
Compleat:
Fashioned=Gevormd, gefatsoeneerd
Ripe=Ryp
Lofty=Verheven, hoog, hoogdraavend, moedig, verwaand, opgeblaazen, fier

Burgersdijk notes:
Die tweelingscholen Ipswich en Oxford. In 1525 stichtte Wolsey eene Latijnsche school in zijne geboortestad Ipswich, en een College in Oxford; hij doteerde deze inrichtingen met het vermogen van eenige kleine, door hem opgeheven kloosters. Na zijn val hief Hendrik VIII de school te Ipswich op; het College te Oxford hield hij in stand, doch eigende zichzelf de eer der stichting toe door het the King’s college te noemen, welken naam het nog ten huidigen dage draagt.

Topics: learning/education, intellect, persuasion, achievement

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Griffith
CONTEXT:
GRIFFITH
This cardinal,
Though from an humble stock, undoubtedly
Was fashion’d to much honour from his cradle.
He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one;
Exceeding wise, fair-spoken, and persuading:
Lofty and sour to them that loved him not;
But to those men that sought him sweet as summer.
And though he were unsatisfied in getting,
Which was a sin, yet in bestowing, madam,
He was most princely: ever witness for him
Those twins of learning that he raised in you,
Ipswich and Oxford! one of which fell with him,
Unwilling to outlive the good that did it;
The other, though unfinish’d, yet so famous,
So excellent in art, and still so rising,
That Christendom shall ever speak his virtue.
His overthrow heap’d happiness upon him;
For then, and not till then, he felt himself,
And found the blessedness of being little:
And, to add greater honours to his age
Than man could give him, he died fearing God.

DUTCH:
Hij was geleerd, en rijk in diepe kennis;
Zeer schrander, wijs, welsprekend, overtuigend..

MORE:
Fashioned=Moulded, raised
Ripe=Mature
Lofty=Proud, haughty
Art=Learning
Little=Humble, unimportant
Compleat:
Fashioned=Gevormd, gefatsoeneerd
Ripe=Ryp
Lofty=Verheven, hoog, hoogdraavend, moedig, verwaand, opgeblaazen, fier

Burgersdijk notes:
Die tweelingscholen Ipswich en Oxford. In 1525 stichtte Wolsey eene Latijnsche school in zijne geboortestad Ipswich, en een College in Oxford; hij doteerde deze inrichtingen met het vermogen van eenige kleine, door hem opgeheven kloosters. Na zijn val hief Hendrik VIII de school te Ipswich op; het College te Oxford hield hij in stand, doch eigende zichzelf de eer der stichting toe door het the King’s college te noemen, welken naam het nog ten huidigen dage draagt.

Topics: learning/education, intellect, persuasion, achievement

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
CAMPEIUS
Put your main cause into the King’s protection.
He’s loving and most gracious. ’Twill be much
Both for your honour better and your cause,
For if the trial of the law o’ertake you,
You’ll part away disgraced.
WOLSEY
He tells you rightly.
QUEEN KATHERINE
You tell me what you wish for both: my ruin.
Is this your Christian counsel? Out upon you!
Heaven is above all yet; there sits a judge
That no king can corrupt.
CAMPEIUS
Your rage mistakes us.
QUEEN KATHARINE
The more shame for ye: holy men I thought ye,
Upon my soul, two reverend cardinal virtues;
But cardinal sins and hollow hearts I fear ye:
Mend ’em, for shame, my lords. Is this your comfort?
The cordial that ye bring a wretched lady,
A woman lost among ye, laugh’d at, scorn’d?
I will not wish ye half my miseries;
I have more charity: but say, I warn’d ye;
Take heed, for heaven’s sake, take heed, lest at once
The burthen of my sorrows fall upon ye

DUTCH:
Gij beiden, wat gij wenscht, mijn ondergang.
Is dit uw raad als christen? foei! Nog is er
Een hemel, waar een rechter, door geen koning
Ooit om te koopen, troont!

MORE:
Part away=Leave
Rage mistakes=Anger causes you to misjudge
Cardinal virtues=Alllusion to the four ‘cardinal’ virtues (prudence, justice, courage and temperance)
Cardinal sins=Allusion to the seven ‘cardinal’ sins (envy, gluttony, greed/avarice, lust, pride, sloth, and wrath)
Cordial=Tonic
Compleat:
Rage=Raazerny, woede, dulheyd
Mistake=Misvatting
Cardinal virtues=De vier hoofd-deugden, als Wysheyd, Maatigheyd, Gerechtigheyd en Dapperheyd
Cordial=Hardsterking

Topics: honour, dispute, anger, innocence, evidence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: Chamberlain
CONTEXT:
CHAMBERLAIN
Heaven keep me from such counsel! ‘Tis most true
These news are every where; every tongue speaks ’em,
And every true heart weeps for’t: all that dare
Look into these affairs see this main end,
The French king’s sister. Heaven will one day open
The king’s eyes, that so long have slept upon
This bold bad man.
SUFFOLK
And free us from his slavery.

DUTCH:
Eenmaal opent
God ‘s konings oogen, die zoo lange sliepen,
En doet dien driesten, boozen man hem zien.

MORE:
End=Objective
Slept upon=Have been blind to
Compleat:
End=Eynde, oogmerk

Topics: purpose, marriage, deceit, advice

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Anne
CONTEXT:
ANNE
Not for that neither: here’s the pang that pinches:
His highness having lived so long with her, and she
So good a lady that no tongue could ever
Pronounce dishonour of her; by my life,
She never knew harm-doing: O, now, after
So many courses of the sun enthroned,
Still growing in a majesty and pomp, the which
To leave a thousand-fold more bitter than
‘Tis sweet at first to acquire,—after this process,
To give her the avaunt! it is a pity
Would move a monster.
OLD LADY
Hearts of most hard temper
Melt and lament for her.
ANNE
O, God’s will! much better
She ne’er had known pomp: though’t be temporal,
Yet, if that quarrel, fortune, do divorce
It from the bearer, ’tis a sufferance panging
As soul and body’s severing.

DUTCH:
Ook daarom niet; wat mij bedrukt, is dit.

MORE:
Pang=Torment, pain
Avaunt=Order to leave
Courses of the sun=Years
Compleat:
Pangs=Pynen, vlaaagen, heftige scheutten, ween

Topics: pity, reputation, authority

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
So may he rest; his faults lie gently on him!
Yet thus far, Griffith, give me leave to speak him,
And yet with charity. He was a man
Of an unbounded stomach, ever ranking
Himself with princes; one that, by suggestion,
Tied all the kingdom: simony was fair-play;
His own opinion was his law: i’ the presence
He would say untruths; and be ever double
Both in his words and meaning: he was never,
But where he meant to ruin, pitiful:
His promises were, as he then was, mighty;
But his performance, as he is now, nothing:
Of his own body he was ill, and gave
The clergy in example

DUTCH:
Simonie was eerlijk doen; zijn eigen wil zijn wet;
Voor ‘s konings aanschijn sprak hij logens; dubbel
Was hij van tong en hart.

MORE:
Speak=Speak of
Stomach=Pride, greed
Tied=Ruled, subjected
Simony=Trading of ecclesiastical privileges (after Simon the Sorcerer)
Presence=In the presence of the king
Be ever double=Equivocal
Pitiful=Having pity
Compleat:
Stomach=Gramsteurigheyd
Tied=Gebonden
Simony=Geestelyke amptkooping, koophandel van geestelyke dingen (naar Simon den Toveraar)
Presence=Tegenwoordigheyd, byzyn, byweezen
The Presence Chamber=De Koninklyke voorkamer, de gehoor-zaal
Pitifull=Vol medelyden

Topics: death, legacy, reputation, law/legal, promise

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
So may he rest; his faults lie gently on him!
Yet thus far, Griffith, give me leave to speak him,
And yet with charity. He was a man
Of an unbounded stomach, ever ranking
Himself with princes; one that, by suggestion,
Tied all the kingdom: simony was fair-play;
His own opinion was his law: i’ the presence
He would say untruths; and be ever double
Both in his words and meaning: he was never,
But where he meant to ruin, pitiful:
His promises were, as he then was, mighty;
But his performance, as he is now, nothing:
Of his own body he was ill, and gave
The clergy in example

DUTCH:
Grootsch, als hijzelf eens, was wat hij beloofde,
Doch wat hij hield, was, als hijzelf nu, niets.
Hij zondigde in den vleesche, en ging alzoo
De geest’lijkheid slecht voor.

MORE:
Speak=Speak of
Stomach=Pride, greed
Tied=Ruled, subjected
Simony=Trading of ecclesiastical privileges (after Simon the Sorcerer)
Presence=In the presence of the king
Be ever double=Equivocal
Pitiful=Having pity
Compleat:
Stomach=Gramsteurigheyd
Tied=Gebonden
Simony=Geestelyke amptkooping, koophandel van geestelyke dingen (naar Simon den Toveraar)
Presence=Tegenwoordigheyd, byzyn, byweezen
The Presence Chamber=De Koninklyke voorkamer, de gehoor-zaal
Pitifull=Vol medelyden

Topics: death, legacy, reputation, law/legal, promise

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
CHAMBERLAIN
My lords, you speak your pleasures:
What he deserves of you and me I know;
What we can do to him, though now the time
Gives way to us, I much fear. If you cannot
Bar his access to the king, never attempt
Any thing on him; for he hath a witchcraft
Over the king in’s tongue.
NORFOLK
O, fear him not;
His spell in that is out: the king hath found
Matter against him that for ever mars
The honey of his language. No, he’s settled,
Not to come off, in his displeasure.

DUTCH:
O, wees niet bezorgd;
Die tooverkracht is uit. De koning kwam
Iets op het spoor, wat zijner woorden honig
Voortaan vergalt. In ‘s konings ongenade
Steekt hij nu zoo, dat hij er nimmer uitkomt.

MORE:
Gives way=Gives us an opportunity
Out=Over, at an end
Settled=Decided
Compleat:
To give way=Wyken, plaats maaken
Settled=Vastgezet, vastgesteld, bevestigd

Topics: merit, manipulation

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Who’s there, I say? How dare you thrust yourselves
Into my private meditations?
Who am I? ha?
NORFOLK
A gracious king that pardons all offences
Malice ne’er meant: our breach of duty this way
Is business of estate; in which we come
To know your royal pleasure.

DUTCH:
Wie is daar, zeg ik? Wat, verstout gij u
Mij in mijn peinzende eenzaamheid te storen?
Wie ben ik? ha!

MORE:
Thrust yourselves into=Disturb
Estate=State

Topics: civility, failure

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Please your highness, note
This dangerous conception in this point.
Not friended by his wish, to your high person
His will is most malignant; and it stretches
Beyond you, to your friends.
QUEEN KATHARINE
My learn’d lord cardinal,
Deliver all with charity.
KING HENRY VIII
Speak on:
How grounded he his title to the crown,
Upon our fail? to this point hast thou heard him
At any time speak aught?

DUTCH:
Hoe grondde hij zijn aanspraak op de kroon
Na ons verscheiden? Heeft hij hieromtrent
Zich uitgelaten ?

MORE:
Conception=Plan, idea
Friended=Supported
Deliver=Speak
Grounded=Based
Fail=Death (heirless)
Point=Matter, question
Compleat:
Conception=Bevatting
To deliver a message=Een boodschap afleggen
To deliver a speech handsomly=Een reeden gevoeglyk voortbrengen
To ground upon=Op steunen, op bouwen, grondeeren, vast staat op maaken
Point=Punt, zaak
The matter is come to this point=De zaak is hier toe gekomen

Topics: revenge, plans/intentions, betrayal

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
What piles of wealth hath he accumulated
To his own portion! and what expense by the hour
Seems to flow from him! How, i’ the name of thrift,
Does he rake this together! Now, my lords,
Saw you the cardinal?
NORFOLK
My lord, we have
Stood here observing him: some strange commotion
Is in his brain: he bites his lip, and starts;
Stops on a sudden, looks upon the ground,
Then lays his finger on his temple, straight
Springs out into fast gait; then stops again,
Strikes his breast hard, and anon he casts
His eye against the moon: in most strange postures
We have seen him set himself.
KING HENRY VIII
It may well be;
There is a mutiny in’s mind. This morning
Papers of state he sent me to peruse,
As I required: and wot you what I found
There,—on my conscience, put unwittingly?
Forsooth, an inventory, thus importing;
The several parcels of his plate, his treasure,
Rich stuffs, and ornaments of household; which
I find at such proud rate, that it out-speaks
Possession of a subject.

DUTCH:
Bij al wat winst is, hoe
Schraapt hij dit alles saam ? — Gij daar, mylords?
Zaagt gij den kardinaal?

MORE:
Wot=Know
To his own portion=For himself
Start=Jump
Straight=Straight away
Mutiny=Discord
Importing=Concerning
On my conscience=I believe
Stuff=Fabric
Compleat:
I wot=Ik weet
To start=Schrikken
Straightway=Eenswegs, terstond, opstaandevoet
Mutiny=Oproer, muytery
To import=Medebrengen, betekenen
Conscience=Het geweeten
A court of conscience=Een gerechtshof om kleynigheden te beslechten
Stuff=Stof, stoffe

Topics: poverty and wealth, money, emotion and mood

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Cromwell, I did not think to shed a tear
In all my miseries; but thou hast forced me,
Out of thy honest truth, to play the woman.
Let’s dry our eyes: and thus far hear me, Cromwell;
And, when I am forgotten, as I shall be,
And sleep in dull cold marble, where no mention
Of me more must be heard of, say, I taught thee,
Say, Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,
And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour,
Found thee a way, out of his wreck, to rise in;
A sure and safe one, though thy master miss’d it.
Mark but my fall, and that that ruin’d me.
Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition:
By that sin fell the angels; how can man, then,
The image of his Maker, hope to win by it?
Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee;
Corruption wins not more than honesty.
Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,
To silence envious tongues. Be just, and fear not:
Let all the ends thou aim’st at be thy country’s,
Thy God’s, and truth’s; then if thou fall’st,
O Cromwell,
Thou fall’st a blessed martyr! Serve the king;
And,—prithee, lead me in:
There take an inventory of all I have,
To the last penny; ’tis the king’s: my robe,
And my integrity to heaven, is all
I dare now call mine own. O Cromwell, Cromwell!
Had I but served my God with half the zeal
I served my king, he would not in mine age
Have left me naked to mine enemies.

DUTCH:
Omkooping helpt niet meer dan eerlijkheid.
Draag steeds in uwe rechte zoeten vrede,
Om haat te dempen.

MORE:
Play the woman=Weep (common expression at the time)
Sounded=Fathomed (as in depth sounding, i.e. measuring the depth of a body of water)
Shoal=Shallow place
Mark=Consider
Charge=Exhort
Still=Always
Ends=Goals, objectives
Compleat:
To sound=Peilen
Mark=Let er op
Charge=Belasten

Topics: cited in law, loyalty, age/experience, ambition

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHARINE
I will, when you are humble; nay, before,
Or God will punish me. I do believe,
Induced by potent circumstances, that
You are mine enemy, and make my challenge
You shall not be my judge: for it is you
Have blown this coal betwixt my lord and me;
Which God’s dew quench! Therefore I say again,
I utterly abhor, yea, from my soul
Refuse you for my judge; whom, yet once more,
I hold my most malicious foe, and think not
At all a friend to truth.

DUTCH:
Vast geloof ik,
En wel op meen’gen hechten grond, dat gij
Mijn vijand zijt, en stel den eisch, dat niet
Mijn vijand hier mij rechte.

MORE:
Cited in Shakespeare’s Legal Maxims (William Lowes Rushton): “Nemo debet esse judex in suâ propriâ causâ (12 Rep. 113). No one ought to be a judge in his own cause.”.
CITED IN US LAW:
The Florida Bar v. Silverman, 196 So.2d 442, 444 (Fla. 1967)(Ervin, J;)(dissent).
Blown this coal=Fanned the fire
Potent=Srong, powerful
Circumstances=Adjuncts of a fact which are evidence one way or another (Onions) (cf. Othello 3.3:
If imputation and strong circumstances
Which lead directly to the door of truth
Will give you satisfaction, you may have ’t.)
Compleat:
Potent=Magtig
Circumstance=Omstandigheyd
Circumstanced=Met omstandigheden belegd, onder omstandigheden begreepen

Topics: cited in law, law/legal, judgment

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
I do profess
You speak not like yourself; who ever yet
Have stood to charity, and display’d the effects
Of disposition gentle, and of wisdom
O’ertopping woman’s power. Madam, you do me wrong:
I have no spleen against you; nor injustice
For you or any: how far I have proceeded,
Or how far further shall, is warranted
By a commission from the consistory,
Yea, the whole consistory of Rome. You charge me
That I have blown this coal: I do deny it:
The king is present: if it be known to him
That I gainsay my deed, how may he wound,
And worthily, my falsehood! yea, as much
As you have done my truth. If he know
That I am free of your report, he knows
I am not of your wrong. Therefore in him
It lies to cure me: and the cure is, to
Remove these thoughts from you: the which before
His highness shall speak in, I do beseech
You, gracious madam, to unthink your speaking
And to say so no more.

DUTCH:
Hooge vrouwe,
Ik smeek u, dat gij, eer zijne hoogheid spreekt
Wat gij gezegd hebt, ongedacht wilt maken,
En nimmermeer zoo spreekt.

MORE:
Ever yet=Always until now
O’ertop=Exceed, surpass
Spleen=Ill will, malice
Gainsay=Contradict, deny
Consistory=Council chamber
Blown this coal=Fanned the fire
Free of your report=Innocent of your accusations
Unthink=Take back, retract
Compleat:
To overtop=Te boven gaan, overschryden
Spleen=Een wrok
To have a spleen against one=Eenen wrok tegen iemand hebben
To gainsay=Tegenspreeken, Wederspreeken.
To gainsay truth=De waarheid wederspreeken of bestryden
Consistory=De Kerkenraad, Pauzelyke raad, Kardinaals vergadering

Topics: truth, punishment, innocence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Pray you, arise,
My good and gracious Lord of Canterbury.
Come, you and I must walk a turn together;
I have news to tell you: come, come, give me your hand.
Ah, my good lord, I grieve at what I speak,
And am right sorry to repeat what follows
I have, and most unwillingly, of late
Heard many grievous, I do say, my lord,
Grievous complaints of you; which, being consider’d,
Have moved us and our council, that you shall
This morning come before us; where, I know,
You cannot with such freedom purge yourself,
But that, till further trial in those charges
Which will require your answer, you must take
Your patience to you, and be well contented
To make your house our Tower: you a brother of us,
It fits we thus proceed, or else no witness
Would come against you.

DUTCH:
k Heb in den laatsten tijd en tot mijn smart
Verscheiden zware, ja, mylord, versta mij,
Zeer zware klachten tegen u gehoord.

MORE:
Grievous=Serious
Move=Prompt, cause
Council=Privy Council
With such freedom=So easily
Purge=Exonerate, absolve, clear
Take your patience to you=Have patience
Brother=Peer, fellow Councillor
Fits=Is fitting, appropriate
Compleat:
Grievous=Moeijelyk, lastig, byster, gruwelyk
To move=Verroeren, gaande maaken; voorstellen
Council=Raad, Raadvergadering
With such freedom=Vryelyk
Purge=Zuyveren, reynigen
Take patience=Geduld neemen
To fit=Passen, pas maaken

Topics: law/legal, complaint

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
CRANMER
I humbly thank your highness;
And am right glad to catch this good occasion
Most throughly to be winnow’d, where my chaff
And corn shall fly asunder: for, I kno§w,
There’s none stands under more calumnious tongues
Than I myself, poor man.
KING HENRY VIII
Stand up, good Canterbury:
Thy truth and thy integrity is rooted
In us, thy friend: give me thy hand, stand up:
Prithee, let’s walk. Now, by my holidam.
What manner of man are you? My lord, I look’d
You would have given me your petition, that
I should have ta’en some pains to bring together
Yourself and your accusers; and to have heard you,
Without endurance, further.

DUTCH:
Mylord, ik dacht,
Dat gij mij zoudt verzoeken, een’ge moeite
Te nemen, uw beschuldigers terstond
Te ontbieden en u, zonder uitstel, verder
Te hooren.

MORE:
Winnow=Process of sorting wheat from chaff, i.e. in the wind (cleared)
Stands under=Suffers
Calumnious=Slanderous
Holidame=Holy dame (also Holydame, halidom)
Looked=Expected
Petition=Request
Endurance=Hardship
Compleat:
To winnow=Wannen, ziften
Calumnious=Faamroovend, lasterlyk
Petition=Verzoek, smeekschrift
To endure=Verdraagen, harden, duuren

Topics: innocence, evidence, claim, dispute

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
My life itself, and the best heart of it,
Thanks you for this great care. I stood i’ th’ level
Of a full-charged confederacy, and give thanks
To you that choked it.—Let be called before us
That gentleman of Buckingham’s; in person
I’ll hear him his confessions justify,
And point by point the treasons of his master
He shall again relate

DUTCH:
Ik stond
Ten doelwit aan een scherpgeladen aanslag
En dank u voor het stuiten

MORE:
Level=Path, aim
Full-charged=Fully fledged
Choked=Stopped
Compleat:
Level=Mikken, doelen, beschieten
To choke=Verstikken, verworgen

Topics: plans/intentions, betrayal

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: Suffolk
CONTEXT:
CRANMER
Stay, good my lords,
I have a little yet to say. Look there, my lords;
By virtue of that ring, I take my cause
Out of the grips of cruel men and give it
To a most noble judge, the King my master.
CHAMBERLAIN
This is the King’s ring.
SURREY
’Tis no counterfeit.
SUFFOLK
’Tis the right ring, by heaven! I told you all,
When we first put this dangerous stone a-rolling,
’Twould fall upon ourselves.
NORFOLK
Do you think, my lords,
The king will suffer but the little finger
Of this man to be vex’d?

DUTCH:
t Is de echte ring, bij God! Ik zeide ‘t wel,
Toen wij den boozen steen aan ‘t rollen brachten,
Dat hij op ons zou vallen.

MORE:
Proverb: The stone you throw will fall on your own head
Suffer=Permit, tolerate
But=Even
Vexed=Harmed
Compleat:
Suffer=Toelaaten, gedoogen
But=Maar alleen
To vex=Quellen, plaagen

Topics: proverbs and idioms, consequence, judgment

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
I am much too venturous
In tempting of your patience; but am bolden’d
Under your promised pardon. The subjects’ grief
Comes through commissions, which compel from each
The sixth part of his substance, to be levied
Without delay; and the pretence for this
Is named, your wars in France: this makes bold mouths:
Tongues spit their duties out, and cold hearts freeze
Allegiance in them; their curses now
Live where their prayers did: and it’s come to pass,
This tractable obedience is a slave
To each incensed will. I would your highness
Would give it quick consideration, for
There is no primer business.

DUTCH:
O, mocht uw hoogheid
Dit daad’lijk willen overwegen, want
Geen zaak is sterker dringend!

MORE:
Venturous=Daring
Commissions=Taxes, instructions to impose tax
Grief=Complaints, grievances
Substance=Assets, wealth
Spit=Tongues spit out: Refuse with disrespectful language
Tractable=Compliant
Primer=More significant
Compleat:
Venturous=Ligtwaagend, stout
Commission=Last, volmagt, lastbrief, provisie
Grievance=Bezwaarenis
Substance=Zelfsandigheyd; bezit
Spit out=Uytspuuwen
Tractable=Handelbaar, leenig, buygzaam, zachtzinnnig
Prime=Eerste, voornaamste

Topics: loyalty, language, order/society, leadership

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
A giant traitor!
WOLSEY
Now, madam, may his Highness live in freedom
And this man out of prison?
QUEEN KATHERINE
God mend all.
KING
There’s something more would out of thee.
What sayst?
SURVEYOR
After ‘the duke his father,’ with ‘the knife,’
He stretch’d him, and, with one hand on his dagger,
Another spread on’s breast, mounting his eyes
He did discharge a horrible oath; whose tenor
Was,—were he evil used, he would outgo
His father by as much as a performance
Does an irresolute purpose.
KING
There’s his period,
To sheathe his knife in us. He is attached;
Call him to present trial: if he may
Find mercy in the law, ’tis his: if none,
Let him not seek ‘t of us: by day and night,
He’s traitor to the height.

DUTCH:
Vindt hij genade
In ‘t oog der wet, het zij; zoo niet, hij wachte
Ze niet bij ons te vinden.

MORE:
Would out of thee=You are trying to say
Tenor=To the effect
Evil used=Treated badly
Outgo=Outdo
Irresolute=Vague
Period=Objective
Attached=Seized, arrested
Compleat:
Tenor=Inhoud, orde, schikking.
According to the tenor of the writing=Naar luyd des geschrifts.
Irresolute=Wankelmoeding, twyfelmoedig, wispeltuurig, wuft
To bring to a period=Tot een eynde brengen
Attached=Beslagen

Topics: betrayal, mercy

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.4
SPEAKER: Porter
CONTEXT:
PORTER
An ’t please Your Honour,
We are but men, and what so many may do,
Not being torn a-pieces, we have done.
An army cannot rule ’em
CHAMBERLAIN
As I live,
If the King blame me for ’t, I’ll lay you all
By th’ heels, and suddenly — and on your heads
Clap round fines for neglect. You’re lazy knaves,
And here you lie baiting of bombards, when
You should do service.

DUTCH:
Zoo waar ik leef,
Berispt de koning mij er om, dan leg ik
Uw voeten in het blok, en op uw hoofd
Een goed rond boetgeld.

MORE:
Proverb: Men are but men
Lay by the heels=To punish, i.e. send to prison or put in the stocks
Clap round=Impose
Bombard=Leather wine jug; a drunk
Compleat:
Lay by the heels=Iemand in de boeijen sluiten

Topics: proverbs and idioms, life, punishment

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
And for me,
I have no further gone in this than by
A single voice, and that not passed me but
By learnèd approbation of the judges. If I am
Traduced by ignorant tongues, which neither know
My faculties nor person, yet will be
The chronicles of my doing, let me say
’Tis but the fate of place, and the rough brake
That virtue must go through. We must not stint
Our necessary actions in the fear
To cope malicious censurers, which ever,
As ravenous fishes, do a vessel follow
That is new trimmed, but benefit no further
Than vainly longing. What we oft do best,
By sick interpreters, once weak ones, is
Not ours or not allowed; what worst, as oft,
Hitting a grosser quality, is cried up
For our best act. If we shall stand still
In fear our motion will be mocked or carped at,
We should take root here where we sit,
Or sit state-statues only.

DUTCH:
Zijn wij roerloos,
Bevreesd voor smalen zoo we iets doen, wij moesten
Hier, waar wij zitten, wortel slaan, of als
Staatsbeelden zitten.

MORE:
Approbation=Approval
Traduced=Slandered
Faculties=Qualities
Doing=Actions
Brake=Thicket, as an obstacle
Cope=Face, deal with
Sick=Malicious
Compleat:
Approbation=Goedkeuring
Traduce=Kwaadspreeken, lasteren; (accuse) beschuldigen
Faculties=Vermoogens
Doing=Een doening, daad
Brake=Een Vlas-braak

Topics: intellect, betrayal, order/society, merit

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
If you will now unite in your complaints,
And force them with a constancy, the cardinal
Cannot stand under them: if you omit
The offer of this time, I cannot promise
But that you shall sustain more new disgraces,
With these you bear already.
SURREY
I am joyful
To meet the least occasion that may give me
Remembrance of my father-in-law, the duke,
To be revenged on him.
SUFFOLK
Which of the peers
Have uncontemn’d gone by him, or at least
Strangely neglected? when did he regard
The stamp of nobleness in any person
Out of himself?

DUTCH:
Wanneer gij in uw klachten u vereent,
Ze krachtig volhoudt, kan de kardinaal
Ze niet weerstaan.

MORE:
Unite=Join (your actions)
Force=Urge
Cannot stand=Will give in/bow (under the weight)
Offer of this time=Opportunity
But that=That you won’t
Least occasion=Slightest opportunity
Uncontemned=Not despised
Neglected=Ignored, snubbed
Out of=Other than
Compleat:
Unite=Vereenigen, tot een maaken
Force=Dwingen, geweld aandoen, dryven
Occasion=Gelegenheyd, voorval’ oorzaak
He took occasion=Hy nam oorzaak
Contemned=Veracht, versmaad
Neglected=Verzuymen, verwaarloozen, verachteloozen
Out of=Buyten

Topics: unity/collaboration, opportunity, complaint

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
What should this mean?
What sudden anger’s this? how have I reap’d it?
He parted frowning from me, as if ruin
Leap’d from his eyes: so looks the chafed lion
Upon the daring huntsman that has gall’d him;
Then makes him nothing. I must read this paper;
I fear, the story of his anger. ‘Tis so;
This paper has undone me: ’tis the account
Of all that world of wealth I have drawn together
For mine own ends; indeed, to gain the popedom,
And fee my friends in Rome. O negligence!
Fit for a fool to fall by: what cross devil
Made me put this main secret in the packet
I sent the king? Is there no way to cure this?
No new device to beat this from his brains?
I know ’twill stir him strongly; yet I know
A way, if it take right, in spite of fortune
Will bring me off again. What’s this? ‘To the Pope!’
The letter, as I live, with all the business
I writ to’s holiness. Nay then, farewell!
I have touch’d the highest point of all my greatness;
And, from that full meridian of my glory,
I haste now to my setting: I shall fall
Like a bright exhalation in the evening,
And no man see me more.

DUTCH:
Is er geen middel,
Geen kunstgreep, die dit wegdrijft uit zijn brein?

MORE:
Chafed=Angry
Galled=Injured
Undone=Ruined
Fee=Pay
Packet=Package of papers
Device=Scheme, plot
Stir=Irritate
Meridian=Top point
Exhalation=Meteor
Compleat:
Chafed=Verhit, vertoornd, gevreeven
To gall=’t Vel afschuuren, smarten
To gall the enemy=Den vyand benaauwen
Undone=Ontdaan, losgemaakt, bedurven
To fee=Beloonen, betaalen, de handen vullen, de oogen uytsteken door giften
Device=List; uytvindsel, gedichtsel
Stir=Gewoel, geraas, beroerte, oproer
Meridian=Middagslyn

Topics: ruin, negligence, plans/intentions, remedy

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
BUTTS
There, my lord:
The high promotion of his Grace of Canterbury,
Who holds his state at door, ’mongst pursuivants,
Pages, and footboys.
KING
Ha! ’Tis he indeed.
Is this the honour they do one another?
’Tis well there’s one above ’em yet. I had thought
They had parted so much honesty among ’em—
At least good manners—as not thus to suffer
A man of his place, and so near our favor,
To dance attendance on their Lordships’ pleasures,
And at the door, too, like a post with packets.
By holy Mary, Butts, there’s knavery!
Let ’em alone, and draw the curtain close.
We shall hear more anon.

DUTCH:
Is dit dus de eer, die zij elkander aandoen?
Eén staat er boven hen, gelukkig.

MORE:
Proverb: To dance attendance
Pursuivant=Low-ranking officer
Parted=Distributed
Suffer=Allow, tolerate
Place=Position, rank
Post=Messenger
Compleat:
Pursuivant=Een ‘s Konings boode
Parted=Gedeelt, gescheyden, geschift
Suffer=Toelaaten, gedoogen
Place=Plaats
Post=Een post, boode

Topics: proverbs and idioms, order/society, status

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
I read in’s looks
Matter against me; and his eye reviled
Me, as his abject object: at this instant
He bores me with some trick: he’s gone to the king;
I’ll follow and outstare him.
NORFOLK
Stay, my lord,
And let your reason with your choler question
What ’tis you go about: to climb steep hills
Requires slow pace at first: anger is like
A full-hot horse, who being allow’d his way,
Self-mettle tires him. Not a man in England
Can advise me like you: be to yourself
As you would to your friend.

DUTCH:
Blijf, mylord.
Eerst houde uw rede aan uwe gramschap voor,
Wat gij begint.

MORE:
Matter=Substance of a complaint
Abject object=Object of contempt
Bore=To bore into, wound
Trick=Art, knack, contrivance
Outstare=Face down
Choler=Anger, bile
Compleat:
Matter=Stoffe, zaak, oorzaak
Abject=Veragt, gering, snood, lafhartig, verworpen
Bore=Booren, doorbooren
Trick=Een looze trek, greep, gril
Cholerick=Oploopend, haastig, toornig. To be in choler=Toornig zyn

Burgersdijk notes:
Zijn oog verlaagde mij als zijn lage prooi. Het Engelsch heeft: His eye reviled me as his abject object, een woordspeling, die niet te vertalen is. De kardinaal wist zeer goed, met welk een oog Buckingham hem beschouwde en nam zijn maatregelen. Des hertogs schoonzoon, den graaf van Surrey, zoon van den hertog van Norfolk, deed hij, in plaats van lord Kildare, tot stadhouder van Ierland benoemen, opdat Buckingham, als hij beschuldigd werd, den steun zijns schoonzoons missen zou, en koos verder
het werktuig van zijn haat maar al te goed. De hertog van Buckingham had kort te voren, op aandringen zijner pachters, zijn rentmeester of inspecteur Charles Knevet uit zijn dienst ontslagen. Deze man werd beschuldiger van zijn voormaligen heer. Hij verklaarde in een door Wolsey uitgelokt verhoor, dat de hertog, met zijn schoonzoon George Nevil, lord Abergavenny, sprekende, meer dan eens gewaagd had van zijn plan om de kroon te erlangen in geval de koning kinderloos mocht sterven, en alsdan zijn doodvijand, den kardinaal, te straffen. De kardinaal spoorde nu den rentmeester aan, zonder vrees alles te zeggen, wat hij omtrent deze zaak kon mededeelen, en Knevet, ‘t zij door wraakzucht, ‘t zij door hoop op belooning gedreven, openbaarde weldra zaken, die voor den hertog zeer bezwarend waren. Een zekere Nikolaas Hopkins, een monnik uit het Karthuizerklooster Henton bij Bristol, vroeger biechtvader van den hertog, zou dezen voorspeld hebben, dat hij eens den troon zou bestijgen; de hertog zou, door dit vooruitzicht verblind, eens het plan hebben opgevat den koning uit den weg te ruimen, en Knevet verzekerde, zelf uit ‘s hertogs mond, in een huis te Londen, onder den naam van de Roos bekend en in het kerspel St. Laurentius Pultnie gelegen, duidelijke toespelingen op dit plan vernomen te hebben. — Ten gevolge dezer beschuldigingen werd Buckingham gevat en in den Tower gehuisvest; tegelijk werden Lord Abergavenny, de monnik Hopkins, John de la Car, biechtvader en de priester Gilbert Peck of Perke, kanselier des hertogs, in hechtenis genomen. — De Tudors hadden reden om kroon pretendenten als Buckingham te duchten, want Buckingham stamde in rechte mannelijke lijn van Thomas van Woodstock, hertog van Gloster, den jongsten zoon van koning Edward III af, terwijl de Tudors wel een ouderen zoon, Jan van Gent, hertog van Lancaster, tot stamvader hadden, maar uit den minder echten tak der Beauforts sproten.

Topics: caution, patience, anger, reason

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
You have here, lady,
And of your choice, these reverend fathers; men
Of singular integrity and learning,
Yea, the elect o’ the land, who are assembled
To plead your cause: it shall be therefore bootless
That longer you desire the court; as well
For your own quiet, as to rectify
What is unsettled in the king.

DUTCH:
Gij hebt hier, hooge vrouwe, —
Naar eigen keuze, — deze eerwaarde vaders,
Voorbeeldig door hun braafheid en geleerdheid,
Ja, de uitverkoor’nen van het land, vergaderd
Als uwe pleitbezorgers.

MORE:
Singular=Unmatched
Bootless=Futile, unavailing
Desire=Ask, entreat
Quiet=Peace of mind
Compleat:
Singular=Byzonder, op zich zelven
To desire=Verlangen, verzoeken
Bootless=Te vergeefs, vruchteloos

Topics: intellect, remedy

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: Cranmer
CONTEXT:
CRANMER
My good lords, hitherto, in all the progress
Both of my life and office, I have labour’d,
And with no little study, that my teaching
And the strong course of my authority
Might go one way, and safely; and the end
Was ever, to do well: nor is there living,
I speak it with a single heart, my lords,
A man that more detests, more stirs against,
Both in his private conscience and his place,
Defacers of a public peace, than I do.
Pray heaven, the king may never find a heart
With less allegiance in it! Men that make
Envy and crooked malice nourishment
Dare bite the best. I do beseech your lordships,
That, in this case of justice, my accusers,
Be what they will, may stand forth face to face,
And freely urge against me.
SUFFOLK
Nay, my lord,
That cannot be. You are a councillor,
And by that virtue no man dare accuse you.

DUTCH:
Een mensch,
Die zich van haat en slinksche boosheid voedt,
Bijt driest den beste.

MORE:
No little=Significant
End=Objective
Ever=Always
Single=True
Urge against=Accuse
By that virtue=By virtue of that
Compleat:
End=Eynde, oogmerk
Ever=Altoos, altyd
Urge=Dringen, pressen, aandringen, aanstaan
By virtue of=Uyt krachte van

Topics: envy, work, learning/education, loyalty

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Griffith
CONTEXT:
GRIFFITH
Noble madam,
Men’s evil manners live in brass; their virtues
We write in water. May it please your Highness
To hear me speak his good now?
KATHERINE
Yes, good Griffith;
I were malicious else.

DUTCH:
Des menschen boosheid leeft in brons, zijn deugd
Schrijft men in ‘t water

MORE:
Often misquoted as “People’s good deeds we write in water. The evil deeds are etched in brass”
Proverb: Injuries are written in brass
Live=Live on (are etched)
Manners=Conduct, actions
Speak his good=Speak of his goodness, virtue, charitable deeds

Topics: proverbs and idioms, reputation, legacy

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
So farewell to the little good you bear me.
Farewell? A long farewell to all my greatness!
This is the state of man: today he puts forth
The tender leaves of hopes; tomorrow blossoms
And bears his blushing honours thick upon him;
The third day comes a frost, a killing frost,
And when he thinks, good easy man, full surely
His greatness is a-ripening, nips his root,
And then he falls, as I do. I have ventured,
Like little wanton boys that swim on bladders,
This many summers in a sea of glory,
But far beyond my depth. My high-blown pride
At length broke under me and now has left me,
Weary and old with service, to the mercy
Of a rude stream that must forever hide me.
Vain pomp and glory of this world, I hate you.
I feel my heart new opened. O, how wretched
Is that poor man that hangs on princes’ favors!
There is betwixt that smile we would aspire to,
That sweet aspect of princes, and their ruin,
More pangs and fears than wars or women have;
And when he falls, he falls like Lucifer,
Never to hope again.

DUTCH:
Ik waagde mij,
Als dart’le knaapjes, die op blazen zwemmen,
Nu meen’gen zomer op een zee van glans,
Ver boven mijne diepte; en eind’lijk berstte
Mijn opgeblazen trots en gaf mij, moede,
Oud in den dienst, een fellen stroom nu prijs,
Die mij voor eeuwig overdekken moet.

MORE:
Proverb: He is now become a new man
Blushing=Glowing
Easy=Complacent, trusting
Wanton=Carefree
Bladders=Floats
High-blown=Inflated
Rude=Rough, turbulent (current)
Blushing=Glowing
Easy=Gemaklyk
Wanton=Dartel, weeldrig, brooddronken
High-flown=Hoogmoedig, grootsch, verwaand
Rude=Ruuw, onbeschouwen, plomp

Topics: proverbs and idioms, pride, authority

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.3
SPEAKER: Sands
CONTEXT:
CHAMBERLAIN
Is ’t possible the spells of France should juggle
Men into such strange mysteries?
SANDS
New customs,
Though they be never so ridiculous—
Nay, let ’em be unmanly—yet are followed.
CHAMBERLAIN
As far as I see, all the good our English
Have got by the late voyage is but merely
A fit or two o’ the face; but they are shrewd ones;
For when they hold ’em, you would swear directly
Their very noses had been counsellors
To Pepin or Clotharius, they keep state so.

DUTCH:
Nieuwe modes,
Al zijn zij nog zoo dwaas, nog zoo belachlijk ,
Ja zelfs onmann’lijk, worden toch gevolgd.

MORE:
Juggle=Mislead
Mysteries=Conduct
Let them be=Even if they are, be they
Fit=Grimace
Shrewd=Artful, mischievous
Compleat:
Juggle=Guychelen
Shrewd=Loos, doortrapt, sneedig, vinnig, fel

Burgersdijk notes:
Tot zulke malle fratsen. Holinshed vermeldt op het jaar 1519, dat vele voorname jonge Engelschen, die zich geruimen tijd in Parijs hadden opgehouden, bij hunne terugkomst geheel Franschen geworden waren, in manieren en ondeugden, wat Engelsch was uitlachten, en niets goedvonden wat niet naar den Franschen smaak was. Sh. heeft dit hier uitgewerkt, doch had het oog op de dwaze manieren van zijn tijd, evenals in koning Jan en in den koopman van Venetië.

Topics: fashion/trends

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
(…) Then you lost
The view of earthly glory: men might say,
Till this time pomp was single, but now married
To one above itself. Each following day
Became the next day’s master, till the last
Made former wonders its. To-day the French,
All clinquant, all in gold, like heathen gods,
Shone down the English; and, to-morrow, they
Made Britain India: every man that stood
Show’d like a mine. Their dwarfish pages were
As cherubins, all guilt: the madams too,
Not used to toil, did almost sweat to bear
The pride upon them, that their very labour
Was to them as a painting: now this masque
Was cried incomparable; and the ensuing night
Made it a fool and beggar. The two kings,
Equal in lustre, were now best, now worst,
As presence did present them; him in eye,
Still him in praise: and, being present both
‘Twas said they saw but one; and no discerner
Durst wag his tongue in censure. When these suns—
For so they phrase ’em—by their heralds challenged
The noble spirits to arms, they did perform
Beyond thought’s compass; that former fabulous story,
Being now seen possible enough, got credit,
That Bevis was believed.§

DUTCH:
Beide vorsten,
Gelijk in pracht, zij waren eerste of laatste
Naar ieder zichtbaar was; die in het oog was,
Was de eerste in lof; en waren beiden zichtbaar,
Dan zeide een elk er éen te zien; geen kenner,
Wiens tong een oordeel waagde

MORE:
Pomp=Ceremony
Following=Successive
Bevis=Bevis of Hampton, famed for incredible feats of chivalry in romance stories of the time
Its=Its own
Clinquant=Glittering
To shine down=Outshine
Madams=Ladies (high born)
Pride=Adornment
Masque=Masquerade, entertainment
Discerner=Observer
Censure=Criticism
Fabulous=Mythical or invented
Credit=Credibility
Compleat:
Pomp=Pracht, praal, staatsi
To out-shine=Meerder uytschynen, meerblinken, glansiger zyn
Censure=Bestraffing, berisping, oordeel, toets
Credit=Geloof, achting, aanzien, goede naam

Burgersdijk notes:
Tot Bevis’ daden toe. Bevis was een held der oud-Engelsche ridderromances, die den reus Ascapart overwon en, hoewel hij een Saks was, wegens zijne dapperheid door Willem den Veroveraar tot graaf van Southampton verheven werd.

Topics: achievement, work, rivalry

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
All this was order’d by the good discretion
Of the right reverend Cardinal of York.
BUCKINGHAM
The devil speed him! no man’s pie is freed
From his ambitious finger. What had he
To do in these fierce vanities? I wonder
That such a keech can with his very bulk
Take up the rays o’ the beneficial sun
And keep it from the earth.
NORFOLK
Surely, sir,
There’s in him stuff that puts him to these ends;
For, being not propp’d by ancestry, whose grace
Chalks successors their way, nor call’d upon
For high feats done to the crown; neither allied
For eminent assistants; but, spider-like,
Out of his self-drawing web, he gives us note,
The force of his own merit makes his way
A gift that heaven gives for him, which buys
A place next to the king.

DUTCH:
De duivel haal’ hem! Zijn eergier’ge vinger
Wil ieders brijpan roeren

MORE:
Often misquoted as “People’s good deeds we write in water. The evil deeds are etched in brass”
Proverb: Injuries are written in brass
Live=Live on (are etched)
Manners=Conduct, actions
Speak his good=Speak of his goodness, virtue, charitable deeds
Compleat:
Manners=Manierlykheid

Topics: merit, ambition, work, status, proverbs and idioms

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
So farewell to the little good you bear me.
Farewell? A long farewell to all my greatness!
This is the state of man: today he puts forth
The tender leaves of hopes; tomorrow blossoms
And bears his blushing honours thick upon him;
The third day comes a frost, a killing frost,
And when he thinks, good easy man, full surely
His greatness is a-ripening, nips his root,
And then he falls, as I do. I have ventured,
Like little wanton boys that swim on bladders,
This many summers in a sea of glory,
But far beyond my depth. My high-blown pride
At length broke under me and now has left me,
Weary and old with service, to the mercy
Of a rude stream that must forever hide me.
Vain pomp and glory of this world, I hate you.
I feel my heart new opened. O, how wretched
Is that poor man that hangs on princes’ favors!
There is betwixt that smile we would aspire to,
That sweet aspect of princes, and their ruin,
More pangs and fears than wars or women have;
And when he falls, he falls like Lucifer,
Never to hope again.

DUTCH:
0, rampzalig
Die arme, die aan vorstengunsten hangt!

MORE:
Proverb: He is now become a new man
Blushing=Glowing
Easy=Complacent, trusting
Wanton=Carefree
Bladders=Floats
High-blown=Inflated
Rude=Rough, turbulent (current)
Blushing=Glowing
Easy=Gemaklyk
Wanton=Dartel, weeldrig, brooddronken
High-flown=Hoogmoedig, grootsch, verwaand
Rude=Ruuw, onbeschouwen, plomp

Topics: proverbs and idioms, pride, authority

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
What should this mean?
What sudden anger’s this? how have I reap’d it?
He parted frowning from me, as if ruin
Leap’d from his eyes: so looks the chafed lion
Upon the daring huntsman that has gall’d him;
Then makes him nothing. I must read this paper;
I fear, the story of his anger. ‘Tis so;
This paper has undone me: ’tis the account
Of all that world of wealth I have drawn together
For mine own ends; indeed, to gain the popedom,
And fee my friends in Rome. O negligence!
Fit for a fool to fall by: what cross devil
Made me put this main secret in the packet
I sent the king? Is there no way to cure this?
No new device to beat this from his brains?
I know ’twill stir him strongly; yet I know
A way, if it take right, in spite of fortune
Will bring me off again. What’s this? ‘To the Pope!’
The letter, as I live, with all the business
I writ to’s holiness. Nay then, farewell!
I have touch’d the highest point of all my greatness;
And, from that full meridian of my glory,
I haste now to my setting: I shall fall
Like a bright exhalation in the evening,
And no man see me more.

DUTCH:
O onachtzaamheid!
Zoo valt een dwaas! wat dwarse duivel deed
Dit aartsgeheim geraken in ‘t paket,
Dat ik den koning zond

MORE:
Chafed=Angry
Galled=Injured
Undone=Ruined
Fee=Pay
Packet=Package of papers
Device=Scheme, plot
Stir=Irritate
Meridian=Top point
Exhalation=Meteor
Compleat:
Chafed=Verhit, vertoornd, gevreeven
To gall=’t Vel afschuuren, smarten
To gall the enemy=Den vyand benaauwen
Undone=Ontdaan, losgemaakt, bedurven
To fee=Beloonen, betaalen, de handen vullen, de oogen uytsteken door giften
Device=List; uytvindsel, gedichtsel
Stir=Gewoel, geraas, beroerte, oproer
Meridian=Middagslyn

Topics: loyalty, anger, negligence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Tanta est erga te mentis integritas, regina serenissima
QUEEN KATHARINE
O, good my lord, no Latin!
I am not such a truant since my coming
As not to know the language I have lived in.
A strange tongue makes my cause more strange, suspicious.
Pray speak in English. Here are some will thank you,
If you speak truth, for their poor mistress’ sake.
Believe me, she has had much wrong. Lord Cardinal,
The willing’st sin I ever yet committed
May be absolved in English

DUTCH:
O geen Latijn, mijn waarde lord!
‘k Was, na mijn komst hier, niet zoo traag, dat ik
De taal niet ken, waarin ik heb geleefd.

MORE:
Truant=Poor student
Coming=Arrival (in England)
Strange tongue=Foreign language
Strange=Odd, alien
Willing=Most eagerly (committed)
Compleat:
Truant=Een Lanterfant
To play the truant=Lanterfanten; in plaats van na school te gaan, speelen loopen (Amsterdam zegt ‘Stutteloopen’)
Willing=Willende, gewillig
Willingly=Gewilliglyk

Topics: language, order/society

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
As I belong to worship, and affect
In honour honesty, the tract of every thing
Would by a good discourser lose some life
Which action’s self was tongue to. All was royal;
To the disposing of it naught rebelled.
Order gave each thing view; the office did
Distinctly his full function.
BUCKINGHAM
Who did guide,
I mean who set the body and the limbs
Of this great sport together, as you guess?
NORFOLK
One, certes, that promises no element
In such a business.

DUTCH:
Door de orde
Kwam ieder ding schoon uit; die ‘t feest bestuurde,
Vervulde blijkbaar stipt zijn plicht.

MORE:
Affect=Value, seek to practise
Tract=Course, track
Discourser=Storyteller
Tongue to=Conveyed (by the action)
Disposing=Management, organisation
Certes=Certainly
Promises no element=One wouldn’t expect to have a part
Gave each thing view=Made everything visible
Office=Officials
Compleat:
Affect=Behartigen, trachtten, raaken, ontroeren
Tract=Een verhandeling
To discourse=Reedenvoeren, redeneeren, gesprek houden, spreeken
Dispose=Beschikken, schikken

Burgersdijk notes:
Echt koninklijk was alles, enz. In de folio-uitgave worden deze woorden tot aan: van ‘t groote feest bij een, aan Buckingham toegekend; Norfolk begint dan met de woorden: Naar gij vermoedt, of, zooals gij gist, éen man enz. De wijziging is van Theobald.

Topics: reputation, honesty, authority

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Old Lady
CONTEXT:
ANNE
So much the more
Must pity drop upon her. Verily,
I swear, ’tis better to be lowly born,
And range with humble livers in content,
Than to be perk’d up in a glistering grief,
And wear a golden sorrow.
OLD LADY
Our content
Is our best having.

DUTCH:
Tevredenheid is ‘t hoogste goed.

MORE:
Perked=Dressed up
Range=Consort (with)
Humble livers=People who live simply
Compleat:
To perk up=Opkomen, zich oprechten
To range up and down=Heen en weer loopen

Topics: satisfaction, fashion/trends

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
Speak it here.
There’s nothing I have done yet, o’ my conscience,
Deserves a corner. Would all other women
Could speak this with as free a soul as I do.
My lords, I care not, so much I am happy
Above a number, if my actions
Were tried by ev’ry tongue, ev’ry eye saw ’em,
Envy and base opinion set against ’em,
I know my life so even. If your business
Seek me out, and that way I am wife in,
Out with it boldly. Truth loves open dealing

DUTCH:
Wenscht gij hier
Mij na te gaan, en hoe ik ben als vrouw,
Spreekt vrij; de waarheid mint den rechten weg.

MORE:
Proverb: Truth seeks no corners
Proverb: Truth’s tale is simple (Truth is plain)
Would=If only
Above a number=More than many
Even=Pure, flawless
Compleat:
Would=’t was te wenschen dat; it zou ‘t wel willen
Even=Effen

Topics: proverbs and idioms, truth, honesty

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
SURVEYOR
First, it was usual with him, every day
It would infect his speech, that if the king
Should without issue die, he’ll carry it so
To make the sceptre his: these very words
I’ve heard him utter to his son-in-law,
Lord Abergavenny; to whom by oath he menaced
Revenge upon the cardinal.
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Please your highness, note
This dangerous conception in this point.
Not friended by his wish, to your high person
His will is most malignant; and it stretches
Beyond you, to your friends.

DUTCH:
Gelieve uw hoogheid al ‘t gevaar te erkennen,
Dat die gezindheid brengen kan.

MORE:
Carry=Carry out, arrange
Conception=Plan, idea
Friended=Supported
Compleat:
To carry=Draagen, voeren, brengen; aanstellen
To carry it=De overhand behouden, iets doorhaalen, overhaalen
Conception=Bevatting

Topics: advantage/benefit, revenge, risk

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Chamberlain
CONTEXT:
SURREY
Then, that you have sent innumerable substance—
By what means got, I leave to your own conscience—
To furnish Rome, and to prepare the ways
You have for dignities; to the mere undoing
Of all the kingdom. Many more there are;
Which, since they are of you, and odious,
I will not taint my mouth with.
CHAMBERLAIN
O my lord !
Press not a falling man too far; ’tis virtue:
His faults lie open to the laws ; let them.
Not you, correct him. My heart weeps to see him
So little of his great self.

DUTCH:
O, mylord!
Vertreed geen man, die valt! ‘t is christenplicht;
Zijn feilen liggen open voor ‘t gerecht;
Bestraff’ hem dit, niet gij. Mijn harte schreit,
Nu ‘t hem, pas groot, zoo klein ziet.

MORE:
Innumerable=Countless
Substance=Assets, wealth
Furnish=Supply
Dignities=Office, position
Mere=Complete
Taint=Sully, contaminate
‘Tis virtue=Virtuous not to
Lie open to=Are subject to
Compleat:
Innumerable=Ontelbaar, ontallyk
Substance=Zelfsandigheyd; bezit
To furnish=Verschaffen, voorzien, verzorgen, stoffeeren, toetakelen
Dignities=Waardigheyd, staat, een staatelyk ampt
To attaint=Overtuigen van misdaad, schuldidg verklaaren, betichten; bevlekken, bederf aanzetten

Topics: poverty and wealth, money, conscience, flaw/fault

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
‘Tis nobly spoken:
Take notice, lords, he has a loyal breast,
For you have seen him open’t. Read o’er this;
And after, this: and then to breakfast with
What appetite you have.
CARDINAL WOLSEY
What should this mean?
What sudden anger’s this? how have I reap’d it?
He parted frowning from me, as if ruin
Leap’d from his eyes: so looks the chafed lion
Upon the daring huntsman that has gall’d him;
Then makes him nothing. I must read this paper;
I fear, the story of his anger. ‘Tis so;
This paper has undone me: ’tis the account
Of all that world of wealth I have drawn together
For mine own ends; indeed, to gain the popedom,
And fee my friends in Rome.

DUTCH:
Lees dit eens over;
Daarna ook dit; en ga dan kalm ontbijten,
Indien gij trek hebt.

MORE:
Chafed=Angry
Galled=Injured
Undone=Ruined
Fee=Pay
Compleat:
Chafed=Verhit, vertoornd, gevreeven
To gall=’t Vel afschuuren, smarten
To gall the enemy=Den vyand benaauwen
Undone=Ontdaan, losgemaakt, bedurven
To fee=Beloonen, betaalen, de handen vullen, de oogen uytsteken door giften

Topics: loyalty, anger, negligence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
CRANMER
I humbly thank your highness;
And am right glad to catch this good occasion
Most throughly to be winnow’d, where my chaff
And corn shall fly asunder: for, I kno§w,
There’s none stands under more calumnious tongues
Than I myself, poor man.
KING HENRY VIII
Stand up, good Canterbury:
Thy truth and thy integrity is rooted
In us, thy friend: give me thy hand, stand up:
Prithee, let’s walk. Now, by my holidam.
What manner of man are you? My lord, I look’d
You would have given me your petition, that
I should have ta’en some pains to bring together
Yourself and your accusers; and to have heard you,
Without endurance, further.

DUTCH:
En gaarne aanvaard ik, wat de tijd mij biedt,
Dat door een wan mijn kaf en koren zuiver
Gescheiden worden.

MORE:
Winnow=Process of sorting wheat from chaff, i.e. in the wind (cleared)
Stands under=Suffers
Calumnious=Slanderous
Holidame=Holy dame (also Holydame, halidom)
Looked=Expected
Petition=Request
Endurance=Hardship
Compleat:
To winnow=Wannen, ziften
Calumnious=Faamroovend, lasterlyk
Petition=Verzoek, smeekschrift
To endure=Verdraagen, harden, duuren

Topics: innocence, evidence, claim, dispute

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Abergavenny
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
Why the devil,
Upon this French going out, took he upon him,
Without the privity o’ the king, to appoint
Who should attend on him? He makes up the file
Of all the gentry; for the most part such
To whom as great a charge as little honour
He meant to lay upon: and his own letter,
The honourable board of council out,
Must fetch him in [t]he papers.
ABERGAVENNY
I do know
Kinsmen of mine, three at the least, that have
By this so sickened their estates, that never
They shall abound as formerly.
BUCKINGHAM
O, many
Have broke their backs with laying manors on ’em
For this great journey. What did this vanity
But minister communication of
A most poor issue?

DUTCH:
Neven ken ik,
Ten minste drie, die door den tocht hun midd’len
Zoo hebben uitgeput, dat zij nooit meer
Tot welstand komen.

MORE:
Proverb: To break one’s back
Privity=Knowledge (as in privy to)
File=List
Out=Not meeting
Sickened=Diminished, depleted
Abound=Prosper
Manors=Estates
Vanity=Folly
Minister communication=Put into effect
Issue=Outcome
Compleat:
Privity=Een bewustheyd van iets
To abound=Overvloeijen
Mannor-house=Een huys of slot van den ambachtsheer
Vanity=Ydelheyd
To minister=Bedienen
Issue=Een uytgang, uytslag, uytkomst

Topics: ruin, poverty and wealth, proverbs and idioms

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHARINE
No, my lord,
You know no more than others; but you frame
Things that are known alike; which are not wholesome
To those which would not know them, and yet must
Perforce be their acquaintance. These exactions,
Whereof my sovereign would have note, they are
Most pestilent to the bearing; and, to bear ’em,
The back is sacrifice to the load. They say
They are devised by you; or else you suffer
Too hard an exclamation.
KING HENRY VIII
Still exaction!
The nature of it? in what kind, let’s know,
Is this exaction?

DUTCH:
Steeds lasten! zware lasten!
De vorm er van? van wat natuur, laat hooren,
Zijn deze lasten?

MORE:
Proverb: To break one’s back
Frame=Devise, shape
Exactions=Extortion of tax, compulsion to pay
Pestilent=Pernicious, harmful
Sacrifice=Broken by
Compleat:
To frame=Een gestalte geeven, ontwerpen, schikken, beraamen
To exact=Afeysschen, afvorderen
Pestilent=Pestig, pestachtig, besmettelijk
To sacrifice=Offeren, opofferen

Topics: proverbs and idioms, work, value

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
CAPUCIUS
Noble lady,
First mine own service to your grace; the next,
The king’s request that I would visit you;
Who grieves much for your weakness, and by me
Sends you his princely commendations,
And heartily entreats you take good comfort.
KATHERINE
O my good lord, that comfort comes too late;
‘Tis like a pardon after execution:
That gentle physic, given in time, had cured me;
But now I am past an comforts here, but prayers.
How does his highness?

DUTCH:
O beste heer, die troost komt mij te laat;
Ze is als genade na voltrokken vonnis.

MORE:
Commendations=Good wishes, greetings
Physic=Medicine
Comfort=Cures
Compleat:
Commendation=Pryzing, aanpryzing, aanbeveling
Physick=Artseny, medicyn, geneesmiddel
To physick=Geneesmiddelen gebruiken, medicineeren
To comfort=Vertroosten, verquikken

Topics: wellbeing, remedy, time, death

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Stay:
Where’s your commission, lords? words cannot carry
Authority so weighty.
SUFFOLK
Who dare cross ’em,
Bearing the king’s will from his mouth expressly?
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Till I find more than will or words to do it,
I mean your malice, know, officious lords,
I dare and must deny it. Now I feel
Of what coarse metal ye are moulded, envy:
How eagerly ye follow my disgraces,
As if it fed ye! and how sleek and wanton
Ye appear in every thing may bring my ruin!
Follow your envious courses, men of malice;
You have Christian warrant for ’em, and, no doubt,
In time will find their fit rewards. That seal,
You ask with such a violence, the king,
Mine and your master, with his own hand gave me;
Bade me enjoy it, with the place and honours,
During my life; and, to confirm his goodness,
Tied it by letters-patents: now, who’ll take it?

DUTCH:
t Zegel, dat gij
Zoo heftig van mij vordert, gaf de koning,
Mijn heer en de uwe, mij met eigen hand,
Verleende ‘t mij, met ambt en rang, genadig
Voor levenslang, en gaf zijn schenking kracht
Bij open brief; wie wil ‘t mij nu ontnemen?

MORE:
Cited in Shakespeare’s Legal Maxims (William Lowes Rushton).
Commission=Warrant, authority
Cross=Disobey
Coarse=Inferior, base
Wanton=Loose, unprincipled
Rewards=Punishments
Tied=Ratified
Letters patents=Official documents
Compleat:
Wanton=Onrein, vuil, ontuchtig
To cross=Tegenstreeven, dwars voor de boeg komen, draaibomen, wederstreeven, kruysen
Coarse=Grof
Wanton=Dartel, weeldrig, brooddronken
Rewards=Punishments
Tied=Gebonden
Letters patents=Opene Brieven, brieven van vergunninge, gunstbrief

Topics: authority, language, reason

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: Gardiner
CONTEXT:
CRANMER
Ah, my good Lord of Winchester, I thank you;
You are always my good friend; if your will pass,
I shall both find your lordship judge and juror,
You are so merciful: I see your end;
‘Tis my undoing: love and meekness, lord,
Become a churchman better than ambition:
Win straying souls with modesty again,
Cast none away. That I shall clear myself,
Lay all the weight you can upon my patience,
I make as little doubt, as you do conscience
In doing daily wrongs. I could say more,
But reverence to your calling makes me modest.
GARDINER
My lord, my lord, you are a sectary,
That’s the plain truth: your painted gloss discovers,
To men that understand you, words and weakness.

DUTCH:
Mylord, mylord, gij zijt een sektemaker;
Ziedaar de waarheid. Uw vernis, hoe glad,
Toont hem, die u doorziet, uw zwakte en praatjes.

MORE:
Cited in Shakespeare’s Legal Maxims (William Lowes Rushton).
Pass=Is approved, if you get your way
End=Objective
Undoing=Ruin
Become=Befits
Reverence=Respect for
Discover=Reveal
Sectary=Member of a heretical sect
Painted gloss=False external appearance
Weakness=Flawed reasoning
Compleat:
Pass=Doorbrengen, passeeren
End=Eynde, oogmerk
Undoing=Losmaaking, bederving
Become=Betaamen
Reverence=Eerbiedigheyd, eerbiedenis, eerbewys
Discover=Ontdekken, bespeuren, aan ‘t licht brengen
Sectary=Een aanhanger van een Sekte
Gloss=Glans, luyster, glimp; Uitlegging
Weakness=Zwakheyd, slapheyd, slaphartigheyd

Topics: appearance, deceit, law/legal

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Be of good cheer;
They shall no more prevail than we give way to.
Keep comfort to you; and this morning see
You do appear before them: if they shall chance,
In charging you with matters, to commit you,
The best persuasions to the contrary
Fail not to use, and with what vehemency
The occasion shall instruct you: if entreaties
Will render you no remedy, this ring
Deliver them, and your appeal to us
There make before them. Look, the good man weeps!
He’s honest, on mine honour. God’s blest mother!
I swear he is true-hearted; and a soul
None better in my kingdom. Get you gone,
And do as I have bid you

DUTCH:
Zoo laat niet na, uw beste tegengronden
Te ontvouwen, met al ‘t vuur en al de kracht,
Die ‘t oogenblik u ingeeft.

MORE:
Give way=Permit
Chance=Happen to, if it so happens that
Instruct=Requires, is appropriate
Compleat:
To give way=Wyken, plaats maaken
To chance=Voorvallen, gebeuren
If any man chance to ask=Byaldien iemand zou moogen vraagen

Topics: conspiracy, plans/intentions, rivalry

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Abergavenny
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
Surely, sir,
There’s in him stuff that puts him to these ends;
For, being not propp’d by ancestry, whose grace
Chalks successors their way, nor call’d upon
For high feats done to the crown; neither allied
For eminent assistants; but, spider-like,
Out of his self-drawing web, he gives us note,
The force of his own merit makes his way
A gift that heaven gives for him, which buys
A place next to the king.
ABERGAVENNY
I cannot tell
What heaven hath given him,—let some graver eye
Pierce into that; but I can see his pride
Peep through each part of him: whence has he that,
If not from hell? the devil is a niggard,
Or has given all before, and he begins
A new hell in himself.

DUTCH:
Want, niet gestut op voorgeslacht, welks glans
Den weg voor ‘t nakroost teekent, niet geroepen
Om grootsche daden, voor de kroon volbracht,
Aan hooge helpers niet verwant, maar als
De spin in ‘t web, door haar geweven, toont
Hij ons, dat hem de kracht van zijn verdienste
Zijn weg baant

MORE:
Stuff=Characteristics, substance
Propped=Propped up, lean on
Grace=Rank, distinction
Chalk=Marks (the path of)
Compleat:
Stuff=Stof, stoffe
Prop=Een stut, steun. To prop=Ondersteunen, stutten
Grace=Gunst, bevalligheid
To chalk=Bekryten, met kryt schetsen. To chalk out=Uytmerken, afteykenen

Burgersdijk notes:
Toont hij ons. In het Engelsch: he gives us note, zooals in de meeste uitgaven, volgens de verbetering van Capell gelezen wordt; de folio heeft hiervoor den tusschenzin: O give us note, als het ware „mark what I say”, welke door Knight voor de juiste lezing gehouden wordt.

Topics: fate/destiny, order/society, wisdom, merit, pride

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
It grieves many:
The gentleman is learn’d, and a most rare speaker;
To nature none more bound; his training such,
That he may furnish and instruct great teachers,
And never seek for aid out of himself. Yet see,
When these so noble benefits shall prove
Not well disposed, the mind growing once corrupt,
They turn to vicious forms, ten times more ugly
Than ever they were fair. This man so complete,
Who was enroll’d ‘mongst wonders, and when we,
Almost with ravish’d listening, could not find
His hour of speech a minute; he, my lady,
Hath into monstrous habits put the graces
That once were his, and is become as black
As if besmear’d in hell. Sit by us; you shall hear—
This was his gentleman in trust—of him
Things to strike honour sad. Bid him recount
The fore-recited practices; whereof
We cannot feel too little, hear too much.

DUTCH:
Velen smart het;
Hij is geleerd en een voortreff lijk reed’naar,
Groot gunst’ling van natuur, zoo opgevoed,
Dat hij zelfs groote leeraars op kon leiden
Uit zich, met niemands hulp

MORE:
Rare=Extraordinary, excellent
Benefits=Qualities
Disposed=Applied
Enrolled=Recorded
Habits=Behaviour
Grace=Good qualities
Practice=Artifice, stratagem, insidious device
Compleat:
Dispose=Beschikken, schikken
Enroll=In ‘t Stads boek aanteykenen
Habit=Heblykheyd, gewoonte, gesteltenis
Grace=Genade, gunst, fraajigheid
Practice=(underhand dealing, intrigue, plot) Praktyk, bedekten handel, list

Topics: intellect, learning/education, value, reputation

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
All good people,
You that thus far have come to pity me,
Hear what I say, and then go home and lose me.
I have this day received a traitor’s judgment,
And by that name must die: yet, heaven bear witness,
And if I have a conscience, let it sink me,
Even as the axe falls, if I be not faithful!
The law I bear no malice for my death;
‘T has done, upon the premises, but justice:
But those that sought it I could wish more Christians:
Be what they will, I heartily forgive ’em:
Yet let ’em look they glory not in mischief,
Nor build their evils on the graves of great men;
For then my guiltless blood must cry against ’em.
For further life in this world I ne’er hope,
Nor will I sue, although the king have mercies
More than I dare make faults. You few that loved me,
And dare be bold to weep for Buckingham,
His noble friends and fellows, whom to leave
Is only bitter to him, only dying,
Go with me, like good angels, to my end;
And, as the long divorce of steel falls on me,
Make of your prayers one sweet sacrifice,
And lift my soul to heaven. Lead on, o’ God’s name.

DUTCH:
k Draag om mijn dood mijn’ rechters geenen wrok toe,
Zij spraken recht naar wat hun waarheid scheen;

MORE:
Lose=Forget
Sink=Ruin
Premises=Evidence
Look=Guard against
Compleat:
Lose=Verliezen, quyt raaken
To sink=Zinken, te gronde gaan, verzinken
Premisses=Het voorgaande, ‘t voorgemelde, ‘t voorschreevene

Topics: pity, evidence, justice

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
Lo, you, my lord,
The net has fall’n upon me! I shall perish
Under device and practice.
BRANDON
I am sorry
To see you ta’en from liberty, to look on
The business present: ’tis his highness’ pleasure
You shall to the Tower.
BUCKINGHAM
It will help me nothing
To plead mine innocence; for that dye is on me
Which makes my whitest part black. The will of heaven
Be done in this and all things! I obey.

DUTCH:
Zie, mylord,
Daar valt het net reeds op mij; ‘k ben verloren
Door list en loos bedrog.

MORE:
Device=Plots
Practice=Artifice, stratagem, insidious device
Compleat:
Practice (underhand dealing, intrigue, way of proceeding)=Praktyk, bedekten handel, list
Device=List; uytvindsel, gedichtsel

Topics: conspiracy, innocence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
I am solicited, not by a few,
And those of true condition, that your subjects
Are in great grievance: there have been commissions
Sent down among ’em, which hath flaw’d the heart
Of all their loyalties: wherein, although,
My good lord cardinal, they vent reproaches
Most bitterly on you, as putter on
Of these exactions, yet the king our master—
Whose honour heaven shield from soil!—even he escapes not
Language unmannerly, yea, such which breaks
The sides of loyalty, and almost appears
In loud rebellion.

DUTCH:
Er werd bij mij geklaagd, — en niet door wein’gen,
En door de besten, — dat uw onderdanen
Recht diep gegriefd zijn. Schatters zond men tot hen,
Waardoor het hart van al hun trouw en liefde
Doorpriemd werd.

MORE:
True=Loyal
Grievance=Distress
Commissions=Taxes, instructions to impose tax
Exactions=Extortion of tax, compulsion to pay
Soil=Stain (Shield his honour from soil: Protect his honour)
Compleat:
True=Trouw, oprecht
Grievance=Bezwaarenis
Grieved=Bedroefd, bedrukt, gegriefd
Commission=Last, volmagt, lastbrief, provisie
To exact=Afeysschen, afvorderen
To soil=Bezoedelen, vuyl maaken, bevlekken

Topics: loyalty, language

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
Speak it here.
There’s nothing I have done yet, o’ my conscience,
Deserves a corner. Would all other women
Could speak this with as free a soul as I do.
My lords, I care not, so much I am happy
Above a number, if my actions
Were tried by ev’ry tongue, ev’ry eye saw ’em,
Envy and base opinion set against ’em,
I know my life so even. If your business
Seek me out, and that way I am wife in,
Out with it boldly. Truth loves open dealing

DUTCH:
Spreekt vrij hier.
Op mijn geweten, niets wat ik ooit deed
Behoeft een schuilhoek.

MORE:
Proverb: Truth seeks no corners
Proverb: Truth’s tale is simple (Truth is plain)
Would=If only
Above a number=More than many
Even=Pure, flawless
Compleat:
Would=’t was te wenschen dat; it zou ‘t wel willen
Even=Effen

Topics: proverbs and idioms, truth, honesty

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
No, sir, it does not please me.
I had thought I had had men of some understanding
And wisdom of my council; but I find none.
Was it discretion, lords, to let this man,
This good man,—few of you deserve that title,—
This honest man, wait like a lousy footboy
At chamber—door? and one as great as you are?
Why, what a shame was this! Did my commission
Bid you so far forget yourselves? I gave you
Power as he was a counsellor to try him,
Not as a groom: there’s some of you, I see,
More out of malice than integrity,
Would try him to the utmost, had you mean;
Which you shall never have while I live.

DUTCH:
k Gaf u de macht
Hem te verhooren als een lid des raads,
Niet als een stalknecht. ‘k Zie nu, menig uwer
Zou, meer uit boosheid dan rechtvaardigheid,
Ten scherpste hem verhooren, zoo gij mocht;
Maar nimmer zal dit zijn zoolang ik leef.

MORE:
Understanding=Intellect, judgement
Discretion=Wisdom
Lousy=Inferior (or lice-ridden)
Groom=Servant
Try to the utmost=Give the most severe sentence
Mean=The means
Compleat:
Understanding=Verstand
Discretion=Verstand
Valour can do little without discretion=Dapperheyd zonder een goed beleyd heeft weynig om ‘t lyf.
Lousy=Luyzig, luysvoedig
Groom=Stalknecht
Utmost=Uyterste
Mean=Middelen, een middel

Topics: intellect, honesty, authority, judgment

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Norfolk
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
(…) Then you lost
The view of earthly glory: men might say,
Till this time pomp was single, but now married
To one above itself. Each following day
Became the next day’s master, till the last
Made former wonders its. To-day the French,
All clinquant, all in gold, like heathen gods,
Shone down the English; and, to-morrow, they
Made Britain India: every man that stood
Show’d like a mine. Their dwarfish pages were
As cherubins, all guilt: the madams too,
Not used to toil, did almost sweat to bear
The pride upon them, that their very labour
Was to them as a painting: now this masque
Was cried incomparable; and the ensuing night
Made it a fool and beggar. The two kings,
Equal in lustre, were now best, now worst,
As presence did present them; him in eye,
Still him in praise: and, being present both
‘Twas said they saw but one; and no discerner
Durst wag his tongue in censure. When these suns—
For so they phrase ’em—by their heralds challenged
The noble spirits to arms, they did perform
Beyond thought’s compass; that former fabulous story,
Being now seen possible enough, got credit,
That Bevis was believed.§

DUTCH:
Toen die zonnen, —
Zoo heetten zij, — ten kamp door hun herauten
Alle eed’le geesten riepen, zag men daden,
Ver boven denkbaarheid; en de oude fabel,
Die nu eerst moog’lijk bleek, vond thans geloof’,
Tot Bevis’ daden toe.

MORE:
Pomp=Ceremony
Following=Successive
Bevis=Bevis of Hampton, famed for incredible feats of chivalry in romance stories of the time
Its=Its own
Clinquant=Glittering
To shine down=Outshine
Madams=Ladies (high born)
Pride=Adornment
Masque=Masquerade, entertainment
Discerner=Observer
Censure=Criticism
Fabulous=Mythical or invented
Credit=Credibility
Compleat:
Pomp=Pracht, praal, staatsi
To out-shine=Meerder uytschynen, meerblinken, glansiger zyn
Censure=Bestraffing, berisping, oordeel, toets
Credit=Geloof, achting, aanzien, goede naam

Burgersdijk notes:
Tot Bevis’ daden toe. Bevis was een held der oud-Engelsche ridderromances, die den reus Ascapart overwon en, hoewel hij een Saks was, wegens zijne dapperheid door Willem den Veroveraar tot graaf van Southampton verheven werd.

Topics: achievement, work, rivalry

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHARINE
Pray their graces
To come near.
What can be their business
With me, a poor weak woman, fall’n from favour?
I do not like their coming, now I think on ’t.
They should be good men, their affairs as righteous.
But all hoods make not monks.

DUTCH:
Mij bevalt,
Nu ik er over denk, hun komen niet.
Zij moesten goed zijn, hun bedrijf rechtschapen;
Maar elke kap maakt nog geen monnik.

MORE:
Proverb: The hood (habit, cowl) makes not the monk
Proverb: A holy habit cleanses not a foul soul

Topics: proverbs and idioms, honesty, deceit, appearance

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
In England
But little for my profit. Can you think, lords,
That any Englishman dare give me counsel,
Or be a known friend, ’gainst his Highness’ pleasure,
Though he be grown so desperate to be honest,
And live a subject? Nay, forsooth. My friends,
They that must weigh out my afflictions,
They that my trust must grow to, live not here.
They are, as all my other comforts, far hence
In mine own country, lords.

DUTCH:
Neen, neen, mijn vrienden,
In staat om mijnen kommer op te wegen,
Die mijn vertrouwen hebben, zijn niet hier.

MORE:
Desperate=Reckless
Forsooth=In truth
Weigh out=Assess, evaluate
Compleat:
Desperate=Wanhoopig, vertwyfeld, verwoed, roekeloos
Forsooth=Zeker, trouwens
To weigh=Weegen, overweegen

Topics: trust, order/society

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Things done well,
And with a care, exempt themselves from fear;
Things done without example, in their issue
Are to be fear’d. Have you a precedent
Of this commission? I believe, not any.
We must not rend our subjects from our laws,
And stick them in our will. Sixth part of each?
A trembling contribution! Why, we take
From every tree lop, bark, and part o’ the timber;
And, though we leave it with a root, thus hack’d,
The air will drink the sap. To every county
Where this is question’d send our letters, with
Free pardon to each man that has denied
The force of this commission: pray, look to’t;
I put it to your care.

DUTCH:
Goed gedane zaken,
Met zorg volbracht, ontdoen zichzelf van vrees;
Maar zaken zonder voorbeeld zijn te duchten
In haar gevolgen

MORE:
Cited in Shakespeare’s Legal Maxims (William Lowes Rushton)
Example=Precedent
Exaction=Extortion of tax, compulsion to pay
Issue=Outcome
Commission=Taxes, instructions to impose tax
Rend=Tear
Trembling=Terrifying
Force=Validity
Compleat:
To exact=Afeysschen, afvorderen
Issue=Een uytgang, uytslag, uytkomst
Commission=Last, volmagt, lastbrief, provisie
To rend=Scheuren, van een ryten
Trembling=Beevende
Force=Kracht, magt

Topics: patience, preparation, merit

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
This butcher’s cur is venom-mouth’d, and I
Have not the power to muzzle him; therefore best
Not wake him in his slumber. A beggar’s book
Outworths a noble’s blood.
NORFOLK
What, are you chafed?
Ask God for temperance; that’s the appliance only
Which your disease requires.
BUCKINGHAM
I read in’s looks
Matter against me; and his eye reviled
Me, as his abject object: at this instant
He bores me with some trick: he’s gone to the king;
I’ll follow and outstare him.

DUTCH:
Een giftmuil heeft die slagershond en ik
De macht niet hem te breid’len; ‘t best is dus
Zijn slaap te ontzien

MORE:
Proverb: It is evil (ill, not good) waking of a sleeping dog
Proverb: As surly as a butcher’s dog
Cur=Dog (term of abuse)
Book=Learning
Outworths=Is worth more than
Chafed=Irritated
Temperance=Self-control
Appliance=Remedy (application)
Matter=Substance of a complaint
Abject object=Object of contempt
Bore=To bore into, wound
Trick=Art, knack, contrivance
Outstare=Face down
Compleat:
Cur=Hond (also Curr)
Chafed=Verhit, vertoornd, gevreeven
Temperance=Maatigheyd
Matter=Stoffe, zaak, oorzaak
Abject=Veragt, gering, snood, lafhartig, verworpen
Bore=Booren, doorbooren
Trick=Een looze trek, greep, gril

Burgersdijk notes:
Een giftmuil heeft die slagershond. Wolsey was uit Ipswich geboortig, en, zooals verhaald werd, eens slagers zoon. Twee regels later wordt gesproken van eens beed’laars boekgeleerdheid; het oorspronkelijke heeft, met deze beteekenis : a beggar’s book. — Hij was in 1470 geboren, ontving in Oxford zijne opleiding, werd in 1500 te Lymington als geestelijke geplaatst, in 1505 op aanbeveling van den bisschop van Winchester door koning Hendrik VII tot zijn kapelaan benoemd en in 1507 naar keizer Maximiliaan te Brugge afgevaardigd. De tevredenheid des konings over zijne diensten bleek uit de gunsten, die hem ten deel vielen. Na den dood van Hendrik VII, in 1509, ging Wolsey als aalmoezenier in dienst van Hendrik VIII over, wist zich door zijn geest, geleerdheid en welsprekendheid weldra bij zijn meester onontbeerlijk te maken en steeg ras in rang; in 1514 werd hij aartsbisschop van York en in liet volgend jaar werd hem door paus Leo X de kardinaalshoed verleend. Hij werd rijkskanselier en in 1516 ook pauselijk legaat; later werden hem nog drie andere bisdommen toegekend; bovendien was hem reeds in 1512 de abdij van Sint Albaan verleend. Zijne ruime inkomsten veroorloofden hem een vorstelijken staat te voeren en aan zijne neiging hiervoor gaf hij ruimschoots toe. Zijn trots kende geen grenzen; hertogen en graven des rijks behandelde hij als zijne minderen; als hij de mis las, moesten zij dienst doen. Vertoonde hij zich in het openbaar, dan was hij geheel in het scharlaken, met marterbont om den hals, en droeg in de hand een uitgeholden oranjeappel, die eene in azijn en fijne geurige wateren gedoopte spons bevatte, als voorhoedmidel tegen de slechte lucht in volle zalen; hij liet zijn kardinaalshoed en zijne bisschopskruisen voor zich uitdragen, alsook een beurs met het rijkszegel; een paar edellieden volgden om plaats voor hem te maken, en na dezen trawanten met vergulde hellebaarden; dan kwam hijzelf op een muildier met roodfluweelen schabrak en gouden stijgbeugels, gevolgd door een langen stoet van edellieden. Sh.’s tooneelaanwijzing op blz. 174 is dus ten volle gerechtvaardigd.

Topics: proverbs and idioms, still in use, learning/education, order/society

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
Pray, give me favour, sir. This cunning cardinal
The articles o’ the combination drew
As himself pleased; and they were ratified
As he cried ‘Thus let be’: to as much end
As give a crutch to the dead: but our count-cardinal
Has done this, and ’tis well; for worthy Wolsey,
Who cannot err, he did it. Now this follows,—
Which, as I take it, is a kind of puppy
To the old dam, treason,—Charles the emperor,
Under pretence to see the queen his aunt—
For ’twas indeed his colour, but he came
To whisper Wolsey,—here makes visitation:
His fears were, that the interview betwixt
England and France might, through their amity,
Breed him some prejudice; for from this league
Peep’d harms that menaced him: he privily
Deals with our cardinal; and, as I trow,—
Which I do well; for I am sure the emperor
Paid ere he promised; whereby his suit was granted
Ere it was ask’d; but when the way was made,
And paved with gold, the emperor thus desired,
That he would please to alter the king’s course,
And break the foresaid peace. Let the king know,
As soon he shall by me, that thus the cardinal
Does buy and sell his honour as he pleases,
And for his own advantage.

DUTCH:
Vergun mij, heer. Die sluwe kardinaal
Heeft al de artikels van ‘t verdrag ontworpen
Naar zijn believen.

MORE:
Combination=League, alliance
Dam=Mother
Colour=Story, excuse
Privily=In private
I trow=I think, believe
Breed=Create, produce
Suit=Request, petition
Paved with gold=Path cleared by bribery
Compleat:
Combination=’t Zamenspanning
Dam=Een dam; de moer van sommige beesten
Colour=Koleur, schyn, dekmantel.
Under colour of=Onder den schyn van.
Privily=Heymelyk, in ‘t geheym
I trow=Ik denk, ik acht
Breed=Teelen, werpen; voortbrengen; veroorzaaken; opvoeden
Suit=Een verzoek, rectsgeding

Topics: value, betrayal, deceit, advantage/benefit

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Second Gentleman
CONTEXT:
FIRST GENTLEMAN
O, this is full of pity! Sir, it calls,
I fear, too many curses on their heads
That were the authors.
SECOND GENTLEMAN
If the duke be guiltless,
‘Tis full of woe: yet I can give you inkling
Of an ensuing evil, if it fall,
Greater than this.
FIRST GENTLEMAN
Good angels keep it from us!
What may it be? You do not doubt my faith, sir?
SECOND GENTLEMAN
This secret is so weighty, ’twill require
A strong faith to conceal it.
FIRST GENTLEMAN
Let me have it;
I do not talk much.

DUTCH:
Van zulk gewicht is dit geheim, dat, waarlijk,
De strengste trouw ‘t verbergen moet.

MORE:
Weighty=Important
Faith=Trust
Inkling=Vague hint
If it fall=If it should happen
Compleat:
Weighty=Wigtig, gewigtig
Faith=Geloof, trouw
Inkling=Weynigje

Topics: secrecy

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: Cromwell
CONTEXT:
CROMWELL
My Lord of Winchester, you are a little,
By your good favour, too sharp; men so noble,
However faulty, yet should find respect
For what they have been: ’tis a cruelty
To load a falling man.

DUTCH:
Mylord van Winchester, gij zijt een weinig, —
Vergun mij, — al te scherp. Een man, zoo edel,
Moest, hoe hij dwaal’, toch immer achting vinden
Om wat hij is geweest; ‘t is wreed, een last
Op hem, die valt, te leggen.

MORE:
CITED IN US LAW:
The Florida Bar v. Silverman, 196 So.2d 442, 444 (Fla. 1967)(Ervin, J;)(dissent).

By your good favour=With your permission
Load=Burden
Sharp=Harsh
Compleat:
Favour=Begunstigen, gunste toedraagen
Load=Laading, last, vracht
Sharp=Scherp, spits, bits, streng, scherpzinnig

Topics: cited in law, haste, respect, ruin

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.3
SPEAKER: Sands
CONTEXT:
CHAMBERLAIN
How now!
What news, Sir Thomas Lovell?
LOVELL
Faith, my lord,
I hear of none, but the new proclamation
That’s clapp’d upon the court-gate.
CHAMBERLAIN
What is’t for?
LOVELL
The reformation of our travell’d gallants,
That fill the court with quarrels, talk, and tailors.
CHAMBERLAIN
I’m glad ’tis there: now I would pray our monsieurs
To think an English courtier may be wise,
And never see the Louvre.
LOVELL
They must either,
For so run the conditions, leave those remnants
Of fool and feather that they got in France,
With all their honourable point of ignorance
Pertaining thereunto, as fights and fireworks,
Abusing better men than they can be,
Out of a foreign wisdom, renouncing clean
The faith they have in tennis, and tall stockings,
Short blister’d breeches, and those types of travel,
And understand again like honest men;
Or pack to their old playfellows: there, I take it,
They may, ‘cum privilegio,’ wear away
The lag end of their lewdness and be laugh’d at.
SANDS
‘Tis time to give ’em physic, their diseases
Are grown so catching.

DUTCH:
De kuur was noodig, want hun kwalen bleken
Besmett’lijk.

MORE:
Louvre=Louvre Palace
Fool and feather=Foolishness and foppery (fashion)
Clean=Entirely
Lag end=Remains
Compleat:
Foolery=Malligheid; fooleries=Zotte kuuren, potsen
Feather=Pluym
Clean=Geheelendal; ganschelyk
Lag=De laatste

Topics: fashion/trends, independence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
You have said well.
WOLSEY
And ever may your Highness yoke together,
As I will lend you cause, my doing well
With my well saying.
KING
’Tis well said again,
And ’tis a kind of good deed to say well.
And yet words are no deeds. My father loved you;
He said he did; and with his deed did crown
His word upon you. Since I had my office,
I have kept you next my heart; have not alone
Employ’d you where high profits might come home,
But pared my present havings, to bestow
My bounties upon you.

DUTCH:
Weder goed gesproken;
Goed spreken is een soort, ja, van goed doen;
En toch is woord geen daad.

MORE:
Proverb: It is better to do well than to say well
Said=Spoken
Yoke together=Join, couple
Pared=Cut down on
Compleat:
Said=Gezegd
Yoked together=’t Zaamen gekoppeld, onder een jok gevoegd
To pare=Afsnyden, schillen, afknippen, besnoeijen

Topics: proverbs and idioms, language, achievement

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: Chancellor
CONTEXT:
CHANCELLOR
My good lord Archbishop, I’m very sorry
To sit here at this present and behold
That chair stand empty. But we all are men,
In our own natures frail, and capable
Of our flesh—few are angels—out of which frailty
And want of wisdom you, that best should teach us,
Have misdemeaned yourself, and not a little,
Toward the King first, then his laws, in filling
The whole realm, by your teaching and your
chaplains’—
For so we are informed—with new opinions,
Divers and dangerous, which are heresies
And, not reformed, may prove pernicious.

DUTCH:
Doch allen zijn wij menschen,
Zwak van nature, en luist’rend naar ons vleesch;
Slechts wein’gen zijn als eng’len

MORE:
Proverb: Flesh is frail
Capable=Susceptible (to)
Want=Lack
Misdemeaned=Misbehave, acted improperly
Pernicious=Ruinous
Compleat:
Capable=Vatbaar, bevattelyk, ontvangbaar, ontvanklyk
Want=Gebrek, behoeftigheyd
To misdemean=Zich quaalyk draagn
Pernicious=Schaadelyk, verderflyk

Topics: proverbs and idioms, temptation, wisdom

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
And for me,
I have no further gone in this than by
A single voice; and that not pass’d me but
By learned approbation of the judges. If I am
Traduced by ignorant tongues, which neither know
My faculties nor person, yet will be
The chronicles of my doing, let me say
‘Tis but the fate of place, and the rough brake
That virtue must go through. We must not stint
Our necessary actions, in the fear
To cope malicious censurers; which ever,
As ravenous fishes, do a vessel follow
That is new-trimm’d, but benefit no further
Than vainly longing. What we oft do best,
By sick interpreters, once weak ones, is
Not ours, or not allow’d; what worst, as oft,
Hitting a grosser quality, is cried up
For our best act. If we shall stand still,
In fear our motion will be mock’d or carp’d at,
We should take root here where we sit, or sit
State-statues only.

DUTCH:
Volbrenge een elk
Wat moet gebeuren; niemand weif’le uit angst
Voor strijd met booze vitters, die toch steeds
Als vraat’ge visschen ieder vaartuig volgen,
Dat nieuw is uitgerust, doch niets bejagen
Dan ijdel spart’len

MORE:
Approbation=Approval
Traduced=Slandered
Faculties=Qualities
Doing=Actions
Brake=Thicket, as an obstacle
Cope=Face, deal with
Sick=Malicious
Compleat:
Approbation=Goedkeuring
Traduce=Kwaadspreeken, lasteren; (accuse) beschuldigen
Faculties=Vermoogens
Doing=Een doening, daad
Brake=Een Vlas-braak

Topics: intellect, betrayal, order/society, merit

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
O, many
Have broke their backs with laying manors on ’em
For this great journey. What did this vanity
But minister communication of
A most poor issue?
NORFOLK
Grievingly I think
The peace between the French and us not values
The cost that did conclude it.
BUCKINGHAM
Every man,
After the hideous storm that followed, was
A thing inspired and, not consulting, broke
Into a general prophecy: that this tempest,
Dashing the garment of this peace, aboded
The sudden breach on ’t.

DUTCH:
En wat deed die pronk,
Dan dat hij diende voor een samenkomst,
Die luttel vruchts droeg?

MORE:
Proverb: To break one’s back
Manors=Estates
Vanity=Folly
Minister communication=Put into effect
Issue=Outcome
Not values the cost=Isn’t worth the price paid
Dashing=Battering
To abode=To be a (bad) omen
Compleat:
Manor-house=Een huys of slot van den ambachtsheer
Vanity=Ydelheyd
To minister=Bedienen
Issue=Een uytgang, uytslag, uytkomst
Value=Waarderen, achten, schatten
To dash=Slaan, stooten, verbryzelen, spatten
To bode=Voorzeggen, voorspellen

Topics: proverbs and idioms, still in use, consequence, value

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
Henry the Seventh succeeding, truly pitying
My father’s loss, like a most royal prince,
Restored me to my honours, and, out of ruins,
Made my name once more noble. Now his son,
Henry the Eighth, life, honour, name and all
That made me happy at one stroke has taken
For ever from the world. I had my trial,
And, must needs say, a noble one; which makes me,
A little happier than my wretched father:
Yet thus far we are one in fortunes: both
Fell by our servants, by those men we loved most;
A most unnatural and faithless service!
Heaven has an end in all: yet, you that hear me,
This from a dying man receive as certain:
Where you are liberal of your loves and counsels
Be sure you be not loose; for those you make friends
And give your hearts to, when they once perceive
The least rub in your fortunes, fall away
Like water from ye, never found again
But where they mean to sink ye. All good people,
Pray for me! I must now forsake ye: the last hour
Of my long weary life is come upon me. Farewell:
And when you would say something that is sad,
Speak how I fell. I have done; and God forgive me!

DUTCH:
Weest nimmer roek’loos; zij toch, wien gij vriendschap,
Uw gansche hart schenkt, vallen, als ze een lek
In uw geluk zien, van u af als water,
En komen niet terug dan als een draaikolk,
Die zuigend u verzinkt

MORE:
Liberal=Free
Loose=Careless
Counsels=Secrets
Rub=Obstacle, blot
Sink=Ruin
Compleat:
Liberal=Mild, milddaadig, goedertieeren, openhartig
Loose=Los, ruym, ongebonden
Rub=Een beletsel, hinderpaal
To sink=Zinken, te gronde gaan, verzinken

Topics: wisdom, caution, trust

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Stay:
Where’s your commission, lords? words cannot carry
Authority so weighty.
SUFFOLK
Who dare cross ’em,
Bearing the king’s will from his mouth expressly?
CARDINAL WOLSEY
Till I find more than will or words to do it,
I mean your malice, know, officious lords,
I dare and must deny it. Now I feel
Of what coarse metal ye are moulded, envy:
How eagerly ye follow my disgraces,
As if it fed ye! and how sleek and wanton
Ye appear in every thing may bring my ruin!
Follow your envious courses, men of malice;
You have Christian warrant for ’em, and, no doubt,
In time will find their fit rewards. That seal,
You ask with such a violence, the king,
Mine and your master, with his own hand gave me;
Bade me enjoy it, with the place and honours,
During my life; and, to confirm his goodness,
Tied it by letters-patents: now, who’ll take it?

DUTCH:
Wacht, lords!
Waar is uw volmacht? enkel woorden dragen
Een last, zoo wichtig, niet.

MORE:
Cited in Shakespeare’s Legal Maxims (William Lowes Rushton).
Commission=Warrant, authority
Cross=Disobey
Coarse=Inferior, base
Wanton=Loose, unprincipled
Rewards=Punishments
Tied=Ratified
Letters patents=Official documents
Compleat:
Wanton=Onrein, vuil, ontuchtig
To cross=Tegenstreeven, dwars voor de boeg komen, draaibomen, wederstreeven, kruysen
Coarse=Grof
Wanton=Dartel, weeldrig, brooddronken
Rewards=Punishments
Tied=Gebonden
Letters patents=Opene Brieven, brieven van vergunninge, gunstbrief

Topics: authority, language, reason

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: Old Lady
CONTEXT:
OLD LADY
An hundred marks? By this light, I’ll ha’ more.
An ordinary groom is for such payment.
I will have more or scold it out of him.
Said I for this the girl was like to him?
I’ll have more or else unsay ’t. And now,
While ’tis hot, I’ll put it to the issue.

DUTCH:
Want nu het heet is , wil ik ‘t ijzer smeden.

MORE:
Proverb: It is good to strike while the iron is hot
Scold=Admonish
Issue=Action
Compleat:
Scold=Kyven, schelden
Matter in issue=De zaak in geschil

Topics: proverbs and idioms

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
Would I had never trod this English earth,
Or felt the flatteries that grow upon it!
Ye have angels’ faces, but heaven knows your hearts.
What will become of me now, wretched lady!
I am the most unhappy woman living.
Alas, poor wenches, where are now your fortunes!
Shipwreck’d upon a kingdom, where no pity,
No friend, no hope; no kindred weep for me;
Almost no grave allow’d me: like the lily,
That once was mistress of the field and flourish’d,
I’ll hang my head and perish.

DUTCH:
Ja, eng’len schijnt gij, doch God kent uw hart.

MORE:
Would=I wish
Flatteries=Deception, manipulation
Compleat:
Would=’t was te wenschen dat; it zou ‘t wel willen
Flattery=Vleyery

Topics: appearance, plans/intentions, deceit, manipulation, regret

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Good my lord,
You are full of heavenly stuff, and bear the inventory
Of your best graces in your mind; the which
You were now running o’er: you have scarce time
To steal from spiritual leisure a brief span
To keep your earthly audit: sure, in that
I deem you an ill husband, and am glad
To have you therein my companion.

DUTCH:
Mijn waarde lord,
Vol heil’ge schatten zijt ge, en de’ inventaris
Van uw genadegaven draagt ge in ‘t hart;
Dien liept gij juist eens door.

MORE:
Stuff=Characteristics, substance
Grace=Virtue, best qualities
Audit=Reckoning
Husband=Manager (ref. husbandry)
Compleat:
Stuff=Stof, stoff
Grace=Gunst, bevalligheid
Husbandman=Akkerman, landman
Husband of a ship=Iemand die zorg draaft voor het aangeeven, lossen, en zolderen van een scheeps laading, een boekhouder van een schip

Topics: value, merit, respect, marriage

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: Cromwell
CONTEXT:
CHAMBERLAIN
’Tis now too certain.
How much more is his life in value with him!
Would I were fairly out on ’t!
CROMWELL
My mind gave me,
In seeking tales and informations
Against this man, whose honesty the devil
And his disciples only envy at,
You blew the fire that burns you. Now, have at you!

DUTCH:
k Voelde inwendig,
Dat gij, naar praatjes en berichten zoekend,
Om dezen man te schaden, aan wiens braafheid
De duivel en zijn jong’ren slechts zich erg’ren,
‘t Vuur aanbliest, u ter blaak’ring. Redt u thans!

MORE:
In value to=Worth
Mind gave me=I worried/had misgivings that
Tales=Rumours
Informations=Intelligence
Compleat:
To value=Waardeeren, achten, schatten
Tell tales=Verklikken

Topics: life, value, honesty

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
My Lord Cardinal,
I do excuse you; yea, upon mine honour,
I free you from ’t. You are not to be taught
That you have many enemies that know not
Why they are so but, like to village curs,
Bark when their fellows do. By some of these
The Queen is put in anger. You’re excused.
But will you be more justified? You ever
Have wished the sleeping of this business, never desired
It to be stirred, but oft have hindered, oft,
The passages made toward it. On my honour
I speak my good Lord Cardinal to this point
And thus far clear him. Now, what moved me to ’t,
I will be bold with time and your attention:
Then mark the inducement. (…)

DUTCH:
Doch wenscht gij meer rechtvaardiging? steeds hebt gij
Gewenscht, dat deze zaak bleef slapen, nooit
Dat zij werd opgerakeld; vaak belettet
Gij ‘t doen der eerste stappen

MORE:
Proverb: Like dogs, if one barks they all bark
Not to be taught=Already know
Excused=Exonerated
Justified=Vindicated
Sleeping=Put (this matter) to bed
Compleat:
Excused=Ontschuldigd, verschoond
Justified=Gerechtvaardigd, verdeedigd, gebillykt

Topics: proverbs and idioms, justification, independence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cardinal Wolsey
CONTEXT:
CARDINAL WOLSEY
This, and all else
This talking lord can lay upon my credit,
I answer is most false. The duke by law
Found his deserts: how innocent I was
From any private malice in his end,
His noble jury and foul cause can witness.
If I loved many words, lord, I should tell you
You have as little honesty as honour,
That in the way of loyalty and truth
Toward the king, my ever royal master,
Dare mate a sounder man than Surrey can be,
And all that love his follies.

DUTCH:
Hield ik van vele woorden,
Dan, graaf, zou ik u zeggen: even luttel
Bezit gij eerlijkheid als eer.

MORE:
Credit=Reputation
From=Of
Noble=Composed of nobles and noble-minded
Cause=Case, crime
Mate=Match
Compleat:
Credit=Geloof, achting, aanzien, goede naam
Noble=Edel, adelyk
Cause=Oorzaak, reden, zaak
Mate=Koppelen, gelykmaaken

Topics: honour, honesty, reputation

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
My Lord Cardinal,
I do excuse you; yea, upon mine honour,
I free you from ’t. You are not to be taught
That you have many enemies that know not
Why they are so but, like to village curs,
Bark when their fellows do. By some of these
The Queen is put in anger. You’re excused.
But will you be more justified? You ever
Have wished the sleeping of this business, never desired
It to be stirred, but oft have hindered, oft,
The passages made toward it. On my honour
I speak my good Lord Cardinal to this point
And thus far clear him. Now, what moved me to ’t,
I will be bold with time and your attention:
Then mark the inducement. (…)

DUTCH:
Dat gij veel haters hebt, die zelf niet weten,
Waarom zij ‘t zijn , maar die, als honden, blaffen
Zoodra geblaft wordt; zulke lieden dreven
De koningin tot toorn

MORE:
Proverb: Like dogs, if one barks they all bark
Not to be taught=Already know
Excused=Exonerated
Justified=Vindicated
Sleeping=Put (this matter) to bed
Compleat:
Excused=Ontschuldigd, verschoond
Justified=Gerechtvaardigd, verdeedigd, gebillykt

Topics: proverbs and idioms, justification, independence

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
QUEEN KATHERINE
My lord, my lord,
I am a simple woman, much too weak
To oppose your cunning. You’re meek and humble-mouth’d;
You sign your place and calling, in full seeming,
With meekness and humility; but your heart
Is cramm’d with arrogancy, spleen, and pride.
You have, by fortune and his highness’ favours,
Gone slightly o’er low steps and now are mounted
Where powers are your retainers, and your words,
Domestics to you, serve your will as’t please
Yourself pronounce their office. I must tell you,
You tender more your person’s honour than
Your high profession spiritual: that again
I do refuse you for my judge; and here,
Before you all, appeal unto the pope,
To bring my whole cause ‘fore his holiness,
And to be judged by him.

DUTCH:
U hief ‘t geluk en zijner hoogheid gunst
Licht over lage trappen tot deez’ hoogte,
Waar grooten uw vazallen, en uw woorden
Uw knechten zijn, u dienen, naar uw luim
Hen tot hun ambt benoemt

MORE:
Sign=Show, display
Full seeming=Every outward appearance
Slightly=Effortlessly, carelessly, complacently
Powers=Those in power
Domestics=Servants (words serving)
Tender=Have regard to, care about
Compleat:
Seeming=Schynende
Slightly=Slechtelyk. To make slight=Verachten, kleynachten
Domestick=Een huysgenoot, dienstboode
To tender=Aanbieden, van harte bezinnen, behartigen

Topics: insult, appearance, merit, status

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
You were ever good at sudden commendations,
Bishop of Winchester. But know, I come not
To hear such flattery now, and in my presence;
They are too thin and bare to hide offences.
To me you cannot reach, you play the spaniel,
And think with wagging of your tongue to win me;
But, whatsoe’er thou takest me for, I’m sure
Thou hast a cruel nature and a bloody.
[To Cranmer]Good man, sit down. Now let me see the proudest
He, that dares most, but wag his finger at thee:
By all that’s holy, he had better starve
Than but once think this place becomes thee not.

DUTCH:
Gij speelt den schoothond
En waant door tonggekwispel mij te winnen;
Doch, waar gij mij voor houden moogt, dit weet ik:
Dat gij in ‘t harte wreed zijt en bloeddorstig.

MORE:
Proverb: As flattering (fawning) as a spaniel
Sudden=Spontaneous
Commendation=Praise, flattery
Starve=Die
Place=Position
Compleat:
Sudden=Schielyk, gezwind
Commendation=Pryzing, aanpryzing, aanbeveling
Starve=Sterven
Place=Plaats

Topics: flattery, proverbs and idioms

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
CRANMER
Most dread liege,
The good I stand on is my truth and honesty:
If they shall fail, I, with mine enemies,
Will triumph o’er my person; which I weigh not,
Being of those virtues vacant. I fear nothing
What can be said against me.
KING HENRY VIII
Know you not
How your state stands i’ the world, with the whole world?
Your enemies are many, and not small; their practices
Must bear the same proportion; and not ever
The justice and the truth o’ the question carries
The due o’ the verdict with it: at what ease
Might corrupt minds procure knaves as corrupt
To swear against you? such things have been done.
You are potently opposed; and with a malice
Of as great size. Ween you of better luck,
I mean, in perjured witness, than your master,
Whose minister you are, whiles here he lived
Upon this naughty earth? Go to, go to;
You take a precipice for no leap of danger,
And woo your own destruction.

DUTCH:
Ga, ga voort!
Een afgrond schijnt u geen gewaagde sprong;
Gij zoekt het onheil!

MORE:
Dread=Revered
Weigh=Value
Vacant=Without, lacking
Practice=Plot
Due=Right, benefit
At=With
Procure=Buy, bribe
Potently opposed=Powerful opponents
Ween=Think
Minister=Agent
Compleat:
Dread sovereign=Geduchte Vorst
Weigh very much with me=Zyn van groot gewigt by my
To procure=Te wege brengen, verkrygen, bekomen, erlangen
Potent=Magtig

Topics: conspiracy, plans/intentions, rivalry

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
You were ever good at sudden commendations,
Bishop of Winchester. But know, I come not
To hear such flattery now, and in my presence;
They are too thin and bare to hide offences.
To me you cannot reach, you play the spaniel,
And think with wagging of your tongue to win me;
But, whatsoe’er thou takest me for, I’m sure
Thou hast a cruel nature and a bloody.
[To Cranmer]Good man, sit down. Now let me see the proudest
He, that dares most, but wag his finger at thee:
By all that’s holy, he had better starve
Than but once think this place becomes thee not.

DUTCH:
Steeds waart gij vaardig in het plots’ling loven.

MORE:
Proverb: As flattering (fawning) as a spaniel
Sudden=Spontaneous
Commendation=Praise, flattery
Starve=Die
Place=Position
Compleat:
Sudden=Schielyk, gezwind
Commendation=Pryzing, aanpryzing, aanbeveling
Starve=Sterven
Place=Plaats

Topics: flattery, proverbs and idioms

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Queen Katherine
CONTEXT:
CAMPEIUS
Put your main cause into the King’s protection.
He’s loving and most gracious. ’Twill be much
Both for your honour better and your cause,
For if the trial of the law o’ertake you,
You’ll part away disgraced.
WOLSEY
He tells you rightly.
QUEEN KATHERINE
You tell me what you wish for both: my ruin.
Is this your Christian counsel? Out upon you!
Heaven is above all yet; there sits a judge
That no king can corrupt.
CAMPEIUS
Your rage mistakes us.
QUEEN KATHARINE
The more shame for ye: holy men I thought ye,
Upon my soul, two reverend cardinal virtues;
But cardinal sins and hollow hearts I fear ye:
Mend ’em, for shame, my lords. Is this your comfort?
The cordial that ye bring a wretched lady,
A woman lost among ye, laugh’d at, scorn’d?
I will not wish ye half my miseries;
I have more charity: but say, I warn’d ye;
Take heed, for heaven’s sake, take heed, lest at once
The burthen of my sorrows fall upon ye

DUTCH:
Gij beiden, wat gij wenscht, mijn ondergang.
Is dit uw raad als christen? foei! Nog is er
Een hemel, waar een rechter, door geen koning
Ooit om te koopen, troont!

MORE:
Part away=Leave
Rage mistakes=Anger causes you to misjudge
Cardinal virtues=Alllusion to the four ‘cardinal’ virtues (prudence, justice, courage and temperance)
Cardinal sins=Allusion to the seven ‘cardinal’ sins (envy, gluttony, greed/avarice, lust, pride, sloth, and wrath)
Cordial=Tonic
Compleat:
Rage=Raazerny, woede, dulheyd
Mistake=Misvatting
Cardinal virtues=De vier hoofd-deugden, als Wysheyd, Maatigheyd, Gerechtigheyd en Dapperheyd
Cordial=Hardsterking

Topics: honour, dispute, anger, innocence, evidence

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