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PLAY: Twelfth Night
ACT/SCENE: 3.4
SPEAKER: Malvolio
CONTEXT:
MARIA
How do you, Malvolio?
MALVOLIO
At your request! Yes, nightingales answer daws!
MARIA
Why appear you with this ridiculous boldness before my lady?
MALVOLIO
“Be not afraid of greatness.” ‘Twas well writ.

DUTCH:
“Wees niet schroomhartig voor grootheid.” Dat was
mooi gezegd.


MORE:
Proverb: I am no wiser than a daw

Daw=Jackdaw (thought to be a foolish bird)
Answer=Answer to
Boldness=Impudence
Compleat:
Jack daw=Een Bontekraay, met roode bek en pooten
Answer=Beantwoorden; antwoord geven
Boldness=Stoutheyd, koenheyd, vrymoedigheyd, onvertsaagheyd

Topics: proverbs and idioms, wisdom, order/society, civility

PLAY: The Two Gentlemen of Verona
ACT/SCENE: 2.5
SPEAKER: Lance
CONTEXT:
SPEED
Lance, by mine honesty, welcome to Milan!
LANCE
Forswear not thyself, sweet youth, for I am not welcome. I reckon this always, that a man is never undone till he be hanged, nor never welcome to a place till some certain shot be paid and the hostess say “Welcome!”
SPEED
Come on, you madcap, I’ll to the alehouse with you presently, where, for one shot of five pence, thou shalt have five thousand welcomes. But, sirrah, how did thy master part with Madam Julia?

DUTCH:
Doe geen valschen eed, beste jongen, want ik ben niet
welkom. Ik reken dit altijd : een mensch is niet eer
verloren, dan als hij gehangen wordt, en ook niet eer
ergens welkom, dan als hij een zeker gelag heeft betaald,
en de waardin zegt: ,,welkom!”

MORE:
To forswear=To swear falsely, commit perjury
Undone=Ruined
Shot=Tavern bill
Madcap=Fool
Compleat:
To forswear one’s self=Eenen valschen eed doen, meyneedig zyn
To forswear a thing=Zweeren dat iets zo niet is
Shot=Het gelag
A mad-cap=Een gek, zotskap

Burgersdijk notes:
Welkom in Milaan. In den tekst der Folio-uitgave staat Padua, zooals in III. 1. en V.4. Verona voor Milaan. Het is mogelijk, dat Shakespeare zelf zoo geschreven heeft, voor hij vast bepaald had, waar hij het stuk zou laten spelen, maar ‘t kan ook aan een omwerker liggen.

Topics: truth, ruin, honesty, civility, debt/obligation

PLAY: Timon of Athens
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Apemantus
CONTEXT:
TIMON
You must needs dine with me: go not you hence
Till I have thanked you: when dinner’s done,
Show me this piece. I am joyful of your sights.
Most welcome, sir!
APEMANTUS
So, so, there!
Aches contract and starve your supple joints!
That there should be small love ‘mongst these
sweet knaves,
And all this courtesy! The strain of man’s bred out
Into baboon and monkey.

DUTCH:
Zoo, zoo! ziet eens! —
Dat jicht uw leen’ge leden kromm’, verlamme!
Die lieve schelmen meenen in hun hart
Niets van die hoff’lijkheid ! Het menschenras
Is lang ontaard tot aap en baviaan!

MORE:
Must needs=Have to
Sights=Views, perceptions
Strain=Stock, race
Compleat:
It must needs be so=Het moet noozaaklyk zo weezen
Quick-sighed (quici-witted)=Scherp ziende, schrander
Stock (race, family)=Geslacht

Topics: civility, order/society

PLAY: The Taming of the Shrew
ACT/SCENE: Ind 1
SPEAKER: Lord
CONTEXT:
LORD
Go, sirrah, take them to the buttery
And give them friendly welcome every one.
Let them want nothing that my house affords.
Sirrah, go you to Barthol’mew, my page,
And see him dressed in all suits like a lady.
That done, conduct him to the drunkard’s chamber
And call him “madam,” do him obeisance.
Tell him from me, as he will win my love,
He bear himself with honourable action,
Such as he hath observed in noble ladies
Unto their lords, by them accomplishèd.
Such duty to the drunkard let him do
With soft low tongue and lowly courtesy,
And say, “What is ’t your honour will command,
Wherein your lady and your humble wife
May show her duty and make known her love?”
And then with kind embracements, tempting kisses,
And with declining head into his bosom,
Bid him shed tears, as being overjoyed
To see her noble lord restored to health,
Who for this seven years hath esteemed him
No better than a poor and loathsome beggar.
And if the boy have not a woman’s gift
To rain a shower of commanded tears,
An onion will do well for such a shift,
Which in a napkin being close conveyed
Shall in despite enforce a watery eye.
See this dispatched with all the haste thou canst:
Anon I’ll give thee more instructions.

DUTCH:
Verstaat de knaap de kunst der vrouwen niet,
En kan hij niet, zoo vaak hij wil, een vloed
Van tranen storten, dan moog’ hem een ui
Van dienst zijn, die, verborgen in een zakdoek,
Hem, trots zijn aard, uit de oogen water pers’

MORE:
Buttery=Storehouse
Want=Lack
Do him obeisance=Pay homage
Honourable action=In an honourable manner, honourably, properly
Accomplished=Perfected
Lowly=Humble
Declining=Bowed
Esteemed=Believed
Shift=Purpose
Close=Secretly
Anon=Imminently
Compleat:
Buttery=Een spyskamer, proviziekelder, bottelery
Want=Gebrek
Obeisance=Eerbiedigheid, neerbuiging
To accomplished=Voltooid, vervuld, volmaakt in goede manieren
Low=Nederig, laagjes
Declining=Afwyking, vermyding, schuuwing, daaling, afhelling, buiging; afwykende
Esteem=Achting, waarde
To make a shift=Zich behelpen, zich redden
Close=Besloten
Anon=Daadelyk, straks, aanstonds

Topics: deceit, appearance, civility, order/society, emotion and mood

PLAY: Othello
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Cassio
CONTEXT:
CASSIO
She that I spake of, our great captain’s captain,
Left in the conduct of the bold Iago,
Whose footing here anticipates our thoughts
A se’nnight’s speed. Great Jove, Othello guard,
And swell his sail with thine own powerful breath,
That he may bless this bay with his tall ship,
Make love’s quick pants in Desdemona’s arms,
Give renewed fire to our extincted spirits
And bring all Cyprus comfort!
O, behold,
The riches of the ship is come on shore!
You men of Cyprus, let her have your knees.
Hail to thee, lady! And the grace of heaven,
Before, behind thee, and on every hand,
Enwheel thee round.

DUTCH:
Heil, eed’le vrouwe, dat des Hemels zegen
U voorga, volge, ja, van alle zijden
U steeds omgeev’!

MORE:
Footing=Landing
Extincted=Extinguished
Enwheel round=To encircle, surround, encompass
Compleat:
Extinct=Uytgebluscht, gedempt; uytgesturven

Topics: civility

PLAY: Cymbeline
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Imogen
CONTEXT:
IMOGEN
These are kind creatures. Gods, what lies I have heard!
Our courtiers say all’s savage but at court:
Experience, O, thou disprovest report!
The imperious seas breed monsters, for the dish
Poor tributary rivers as sweet fish.
I am sick still; heart-sick. Pisanio,
I’ll now taste of thy drug.
GUIDERIUS
I could not stir him:
He said he was gentle, but unfortunate;
Dishonestly afflicted, but yet honest.
ARVIRAGUS
Thus did he answer me: yet said, hereafter
I might know more.
BELARIUS
To the field, to the field!
We’ll leave you for this time: go in and rest.

DUTCH:
Wat zijn zij goed! 0 goden,
Wat liegt de wereld toch! Gij, hoov’ling, noemt,
Wat niet de hoflucht ademt, woest en ruw,
Hoe logenstraft thans ondervinding u !

MORE:
Imperious=Imperial
Poor=Small, minor
Sweet=Tasty
Stir=Persuade to talk
Gentle=High bred, noble
Dishonestly=In bad faith
Compleat:
Imperious=Heerschzuchtig
Poor=(mean, pitiful) Arm, elendig
To stir=Beweegen; verwekken
Gentle=Aardig, edelmoedig
Dishonestly=Oneerlyker wyze

Topics: status, truth, civility, sorrow, honesty

PLAY: A Midsummer Night’s Dream
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: Puck
CONTEXT:
PUCK
If we shadows have offended,
Think but this, and all is mended—
That you have but slumbered here
While these visions did appear.
And this weak and idle theme,
No more yielding but a dream,
Gentles, do not reprehend.
If you pardon, we will mend.
And, as I am an honest Puck,
If we have unearnèd luck
Now to ‘scape the serpent’s tongue,
We will make amends ere long.
Else the Puck a liar call.
So good night unto you all.
Give me your hands if we be friends,
And Puck shall restore amends.

DUTCH:
Goede nacht nu, al te gaar!
Zijt ge overtuigd, juicht toe dan, juicht,
Nu Puck tot afscheid voor u buigt!

MORE:
No more yielding but=Yielding no more than
Serpent’s tongue=Hissing (audience)
Hands=Applause
Amends=Atonement
Compleat:
Yielding=Overgeeving, toegeeving, uitlevering; overgeevende, toegeeflyk, meegeeflyk
Hiss=Sissen als een slang
Amends=Vergoeding
Make amends=Vergoeding doen, vergoeden

Topics: friendship, remedy, civility

PLAY: King Henry V
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: King Henry
CONTEXT:
QUEEN ISABEL
Our gracious brother, I will go with them.
Haply a woman’s voice may do some good,
When articles too nicely urged be stood on.
KING HENRY
Yet leave our cousin Katherine here with us.
She is our capital demand, comprised
Within the fore-rank of our articles.

DUTCH:
Doorluchte broeder, ik wil met hen gaan.
Wellicht bewerkt een vrouwestem iets goeds,
Als eenige eisch te sterk wordt aangedrongen.

MORE:

Schmidt:
Haply=Perhaps
Capital=Chief, principal
Nicely=Putiliously, scrupulously
Forerank=Priority, first rank, front

Compleat:
Haply=Misschien
To be nice in something=Keurig

Topics: civility, manipulation, achievement

PLAY: Twelfth Night
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Malvolio
CONTEXT:
MALVOLIO
My masters, are you mad? Or what are you? Have you no
wit, manners, nor honesty but to gabble like tinkers at
this time of night? Do you make an alehouse of my lady’s
house, that you squeak out your coziers’ catches
without any mitigation or remorse of voice? Is there no
respect of place, persons, nor time in you?
SIR TOBY BELCH
We did keep time, sir, in our catches. Sneck up!
MALVOLIO
Sir Toby, I must be round with you. My lady bade me
tell you, that, though she harbors you as her kinsman,
she’s nothing allied to your disorders. If you can
separate yourself and your misdemeanors, you are welcome
to the house. If not, an it would please you to take
leave of her, she is very willing to bid you farewell.

DUTCH:
Heeren, zijt gij gek? of wat zijt gij? Hebt gij geen
begrip meer, geen manieren of betamelijkheid, dat gij
schreeuwt als ketellappers op dit uur van de nacht?

MORE:
Wit=Intellect
Honesty=Decency
Cozier=Cobbler
Mitigation or remorse=Lowering
Sneck up=Hang yourself
Round=Straight, speak plainly
Compleat:
Wit (understanding)=Vinding, schranderheid, verstand
Honesty=Eerbaarheid, vroomheid
Remorse=Knaaging, wroeging, berouw
Mitigation=Verzachting, verzoeting
Roundly=(Honestly, sincerely): Oprechtelyk, voor de vuist

Topics: respect, honesty, civility, excess

PLAY: The Merry Wives of Windsor
ACT/SCENE:
SPEAKER: Mistress Quickly
CONTEXT:
MISTRESS QUICKLY
What, John Rugby! I pray thee, go to the casement,
and see if you can see my master, Master Doctor
Caius, coming. If he do, i’ faith, and find any
body in the house, here will be an old abusing of
God’s patience and the King’s English.
RUGBY
I’ll go watch.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Go; and we’ll have a posset for’t soon at night, in
faith, at the latter end of a sea-coal fire.
An honest, willing, kind fellow, as ever servant
shall come in house withal, and, I warrant you, no
tell-tale nor no breed-bate: his worst fault is,
that he is given to prayer; he is something peevish
that way: but nobody but has his fault; but let
that pass. Peter Simple, you say your name is?

DUTCH:
Want, waarachtig, als hij komt,
en hij vindt iemand in zijn huis, dan heeft Gods lankmoedigheid en des konings Engelsch het zwaar te verantwoorden.

MORE:
Proverb: Every man has (no man is without) his faults

Old abusing=A lot of bad language
Casement=Part of a window that opens on a hinge
Posset=Hot drink made of milk with wine or ale and added spices
Sea-coal=Mineral coal, not charcoal
Withal=With
Breed-bate=Troublemaker
Peevish=Foolish
Compleat:
Casement=Een kykvernstertje, een glaze venster dat men open doet
Abuzing=Quaade bejegening
Posset=Wey van gekookte melk met bier geschift
Sea-coal=Steenkoolen, smitskoolen
Posset=Wey van gekookte melk met bier geschift
Withall=Daar beneeven, mede, met eene
Make-bate=Twiststooker, ophitser
Peevish=Kribbig, gemelyk, korzel, wrantig, ligt geraakt

Topics: proverbs and idioms, language, friendship, civility, flaw/fault

PLAY: All’s Well that Ends Well
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King
CONTEXT:
FIRST LORD
It is the Count Rousillon, my good lord,
Young Bertram.
KING
Youth, thou bear’st thy father’s face;
Frank nature, rather curious than in haste,
Hath well composed thee. Thy father’s moral parts
Mayst thou inherit too! Welcome to Paris.
BERTRAM
My thanks and duty are your majesty’s.
KING
I would I had that corporal soundness now,
As when thy father and myself in friendship
First tried our soldiership! He did look far
Into the service of the time and was
Discipled of the bravest: he lasted long;
But on us both did haggish age steal on
And wore us out of act. It much repairs me
To talk of your good father. In his youth
He had the wit which I can well observe
To-day in our young lords; but they may jest
Till their own scorn return to them unnoted
Ere they can hide their levity in honour;
So like a courtier, contempt nor bitterness
Were in his pride or sharpness; if they were,
His equal had awaked them; and his honour.
Clock to itself, knew the true minute when
Exception bid him speak, and at this time
His tongue obeyed his hand: who were below him
He used as creatures of another place.
And bowed his eminent top to their low ranks.
Making them proud of his humility.
In their poor praise he humbled. Such a man
Might be a copy to these younger times,
Which, followed well, would demonstrate them now
But goers backward.

DUTCH:
Een echte hoov’ling was hij, fier, niet trotsch,
Hoe scherp, nooit bitter, dan door zijns gelijken
Er toe gedreven; altijd gaf zijn eer,
Zichzelf tot uurwerk, de minuut hem aan,
Waarop hij spreken moest, en als de wijzer
Stond hem zijn tong ten dienst;

MORE:
Copy=Example
Equal=Equal ranking
Exception=Disapproval
Courtier=Paradigm of true courtesy
Used=Treated
Scorn=Derision
Unnoted=Ignored
Goers-backward=Regressives
Compleat:
Equal=Wedergade
Courtier=Hoveling
He made exception=Hy had er iets tegen te zeggen
To take exception=Zich over iets belgen

Topics: civility, life, age/experience, independence, order/society, respect, fashion/trends, understanding

PLAY: The Merry Wives of Windsor
ACT/SCENE:
SPEAKER: Mistress Quickly
CONTEXT:
MISTRESS QUICKLY
What, John Rugby! I pray thee, go to the casement,
and see if you can see my master, Master Doctor
Caius, coming. If he do, i’ faith, and find any
body in the house, here will be an old abusing of
God’s patience and the King’s English.
RUGBY
I’ll go watch.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Go; and we’ll have a posset for’t soon at night, in
faith, at the latter end of a sea-coal fire.
An honest, willing, kind fellow, as ever servant
shall come in house withal, and, I warrant you, no
tell-tale nor no breed-bate: his worst fault is,
that he is given to prayer; he is something peevish
that way: but nobody but has his fault; but let
that pass. Peter Simple, you say your name is?

DUTCH:
Zijn ergste gebrek is, dat hij aan het bidden
wat te veel verslaafd is, van dien kant is hij wel
wat zielig; maar zoo heeft ieder zijn gebrek; dus dat
mag wel zoo wezen. Je naam is Peter Simpel, zegt ge?

MORE:
Proverb: Every man has (no man is without) his faults

Old abusing=A lot of bad language
Casement=Part of a window that opens on a hinge
Posset=Hot drink made of milk with wine or ale and added spices
Sea-coal=Mineral coal, not charcoal
Withal=With
Breed-bate=Troublemaker
Peevish=Foolish
Compleat:
Casement=Een kykvernstertje, een glaze venster dat men open doet
Abuzing=Quaade bejegening
Posset=Wey van gekookte melk met bier geschift
Sea-coal=Steenkoolen, smitskoolen
Posset=Wey van gekookte melk met bier geschift
Withall=Daar beneeven, mede, met eene
Make-bate=Twiststooker, ophitser
Peevish=Kribbig, gemelyk, korzel, wrantig, ligt geraakt

Topics: proverbs and idioms, language, friendship, civility, flaw/fault

PLAY: King Henry VIII
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: King Henry VIII
CONTEXT:
KING HENRY VIII
Who’s there, I say? How dare you thrust yourselves
Into my private meditations?
Who am I? ha?
NORFOLK
A gracious king that pardons all offences
Malice ne’er meant: our breach of duty this way
Is business of estate; in which we come
To know your royal pleasure.

DUTCH:
Wie is daar, zeg ik? Wat, verstout gij u
Mij in mijn peinzende eenzaamheid te storen?
Wie ben ik? ha!

MORE:
Thrust yourselves into=Disturb
Estate=State

Topics: civility, failure

PLAY: Twelfth Night
ACT/SCENE: 3.4
SPEAKER: Olivia
CONTEXT:
OLIVIA
I have sent after him. He says he’ll come.
How shall I feast him? What bestow of him?
For youth is bought more oft than begged or borrow’d.
I speak too loud.
Where’s Malvolio? He is sad and civil
And suits well for a servant with my fortunes.
Where is Malvolio?
MARIA
He’s coming, madam; but in very strange manner. He is
sure possessed, madam.
OLIVIA
Why, what’s the matter? Does he rave?
MARIA
No, madam, he does nothing but smile. Your ladyship
were best to have some guard about you if he come, for
sure the man is tainted in ’s wits.
OLIVIA
Go call him hither.
I am as mad as he,
If sad and merry madness equal be.

DUTCH:
Ik ben even dol als hij,
Zoo dolheid droef kan zijn, zoowel als blij.

MORE:
Bestow=Gifts
Sad=Serious
Civil=Respectful
Possessed=As in by the devil
Tainted=Infected, impaired
Compleat:
To bestow=Besteeden, te koste hangen
Sad=Droevig
Civil=Heusch, beleefd
Possessed=Bezeten zijn
To taint (attaint)=Overtuigen van misdaad, schuldig verklaaren, betichten; bevlekken, bederf aanzetten

Topics: emotion and mood, madness, civility

PLAY: Troilus and Cressida
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Pandarus
CONTEXT:
SERVANT
Who shall I command, sir?
PANDARUS
Friend, we understand not one another: I am too
courtly and thou art too cunning. At whose request
do these men play?
SERVANT
That’s to ‘t indeed, sir: marry, sir, at the request
of Paris my lord, who’s there in person; with him,
the mortal Venus, the heart-blood of beauty, love’s
invisible soul,—
PANDARUS
Who, my cousin Cressida?
SERVANT
No, sir, Helen: could you not find out that by her
attributes?

DUTCH:
Vriend, wij verstaan elkander niet; ik ben te hoffelijk
en gij te gevat. Wie heeft die menschen hier besteld?

MORE:
Courtly=Elegant, polite
Cunning=Crafty
Venus=Goddess of Beauty (but the servant means Helen)
Compleat:
Courtly=Lugtig, gallant, hoflyk
Cunning=Loosheid, Listigheid

Topics: civility, order/society, language, communication, understanding

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Orlando
CONTEXT:
ROSALIND
‘Tis he. Slink by, and note him.
JAQUES
I thank you for your company, but, good faith, I had as
lief have been myself alone.
ORLANDO
And so had I, but yet, for fashion’ sake, I thank you
too for your society.
JAQUES
God be wi’ you. Let’s meet as little as we can.
ORLANDO
I do desire we may be better strangers.
JAQUES
I pray you mar no more trees with writing love songs in
their barks.
ORLANDO
I pray you mar no more of my verses with reading them
ill-favouredly.

DUTCH:
Ik hoop, dat wij meer en meer van elkaar vervreemden

MORE:
I pray you mar no more of my verses “by reading them ill-favouredly”. See Sir John Harington’s Epigrams (1618)
‘Sextus, an ill reader’:
‘For shame poynt better, and pronounce it cleerer,
Or be no Reader, Sextus, be a Hearer’.
( Poynt=punctuate)

As lief=Just as soon, happily
For fashion sake=For appearance’ sake
Ill-favouredly=Badly, unsympathetically
Compleat:
I had as lief=Ik wilde al zo lief
Ill-favoured=Leelyk, afschuwelyk

Topics: insult, relationship, civility

PLAY: All’s Well that Ends Well
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: Helen
CONTEXT:
HELEN
But this exceeding posting day and night
Must wear your spirits low; we cannot help it:
But since you have made the days and nights as one,
To wear your gentle limbs in my affairs,
Be bold you do so grow in my requital
As nothing can unroot you. In happy time;
This man may help me to his majesty’s ear,
If he would spend his power. God save you, sir.
GENTLEMAN
And you.
HELEN
Sir, I have seen you in the court of France.
GENTLEMAN
I have been sometimes there.
HELEN
I do presume, sir, that you are not fallen
From the report that goes upon your goodness;
An therefore, goaded with most sharp occasions,
Which lay nice manners by, I put you to
The use of your own virtues, for the which
I shall continue thankful.

DUTCH:
Ik hoop, heer, dat de roem, die van uw goedheid
Steeds uitging, altijd nog de waarheid meldt;

MORE:
Spend=Use
Report=Reputation
Sharp=Urgent
Occasion=Circumstances
Lay nice manners by=Make me neglect my manners
Put you to=Urge you
Compleat:
To spend=Besteeden, uytgeeven, koste doen, verquisten, doorbrengen, verspillen
He has a good report=Hy heeft een goeden naam
Sharp=Scherp, spits, bits, streng, scherpzinnig
Occasion=Gelegenheyd, voorval, oorzaak, nood
Put to=Toedringen, opdringen

Topics: reputation, virtue, civility

PLAY: Richard III
ACT/SCENE: 3.7
SPEAKER: Richard, Duke of Gloucester
CONTEXT:
RICHARD
My lord, there needs no such apology.
I do beseech your Grace pardon me,
Who, earnest in the service of my God,
Deferred the visitation of my friends.
But, leaving this, what is your Grace’s pleasure?
BUCKINGHAM
Even that, I hope, which pleaseth God above
And all good men of this ungoverned isle.
RICHARD
I do suspect I have done some offence
That seems disgracious in the city’s eye,
And that you come to reprehend my ignorance.
BUCKINGHAM
You have, my lord. Would it might please your Grace,
On our entreaties, to amend your fault.

DUTCH:
Ik heb vermoeden, dat ik iets beging,
Wat in der burg’ren oogen onrecht is,
En dat gij mijn onachtzaamheid komt laken.

MORE:
Even=Only
Disgracious=Displeasing
Reprehend=Blame
Ignorance=Lack of understanding
Entreaties=Requests
Compleat:
Ungracious=Van genade ontbloot, godloos, onzalig, verwaaten, heilloos
Reprehend=Berispen, bestraffen
Entreaty=Ernstig verzoek
Ignorance=Onweetendheyd, onkunde, onbewustheyd

Topics: civility, offence, guilt

PLAY: Twelfth Night
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Sebastian
CONTEXT:
SEBASTIAN
By your patience, no. My stars shine darkly over me. The malignancy of my fate might perhaps distemper yours. Therefore I shall crave of you your leave that I may bear my evils alone. It were a bad recompense for your love to lay any of them on you.
ANTONIO
Let me yet know of you whither you are bound.
SEBASTIAN
No, sooth, sir. My determinate voyage is mere extravagancy. But I perceive in you so excellent a touch of modesty that you will not extort from me what I am willing to keep in. Therefore it charges me in manners the rather to express myself. You must know of me then, Antonio, my name is Sebastian, which I called Roderigo. My father was that Sebastian of Messaline, whom I know you have heard of. He left behind him myself and a sister, both born in an hour. If the heavens had been pleased, would we had so ended! But you, sir, altered that, for some hour before you took me from the breach of the sea was my sister drowned.

DUTCH:
Maar toch, — ik merk in u zulk een voorbeeldige bescheidenheid op, dat gij mij niet wilt ontwringen, wat ik
gaarne voor mij houd; en daarom gebiedt de beleefdheid
mij te meer, openhartig te zijn.

MORE:

Stars=Fortunes
Distemper=Infect
Sooth=Truly, in truth
Determinate=Planned
Extravagancy=Vagrancy
Modesty=Civility
Willing=Wanting
Charges me=Is incumbent upon me
Manners=Politeness
Express=Reveal
Breach=Breaking waves
Compleat:
To distemper=Ongesteld maaken, ontstellen
Sooth=Zéker, voorwaar
Determinate (determine)=Bepaalen, besluyten, vaststellen, vonnissen, beslissen
Extravagancy=Uytspoorigheyd, spooreloosheyd
Modesty=Zeedigheyd, eerbaarheyd
To will=Willen, begeeren, voorneemen, besluiten
To charge=Belasten, beveelen, opleggen, te laste leggen, beschuldigen, betichten, laaden, aanvallen
Manners=Zeden, manieren, manierlykheid
To express=Uytdrukken
Breach=Breuk, bres, scheur

Burgersdijk notes:
Sebastiaan van Metelin. In het oorspronkelijke staat Messaline, waarvoor men Mettaline of Metelin, — het oude Mytilene, — in plaats heeft gesteld.

Topics: fate/destiny, , civility, relationship

PLAY: Romeo and Juliet
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Mercutio
CONTEXT:
BENVOLIO
We talk here in the public haunt of men.
Either withdraw unto some private place,
And reason coldly of your grievances,
Or else depart. Here all eyes gaze on us.
MERCUTIO
Men’s eyes were made to look and let them gaze.
I will not budge for no man’s pleasure, I.

DUTCH:
Ik wijk van hier om niemands wil een haar.

MORE:
Schmidt:
Haunt = a “place much frequented”
Coldly = coolly, rationally
Shakespeare is said to have popularised use of the verb ‘to budge’, usually in a negative context to mean intransigence, refusal to change position. (See also Sly in Taming of the Shrew “I’ll not budge an inch”.)
Double negatives were common in Old English and weren’t a problem for Shakespeare (or Chaucer and other writers of the time). In fact, they weren’t condemned until the 18th century when grammarians declared that double negatives cancel each other out or amounted to an affirmative.

Topics: dispute, reason, civility

PLAY: All’s Well that Ends Well
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: Clown
CONTEXT:
COUNTESS
Come on, sir; I shall now put you to the height of
your breeding.
CLOWN
I will show myself highly fed and lowly taught:
I know my business is but to the court.
COUNTESS
To the court! why, what place make you special,
when you put off that with such contempt? But to the
court!
CLOWN
Truly, madam, if God have lent a man any manners, he
may easily put it off at court: he that cannot make
a leg, put off’s cap, kiss his hand and say nothing,
has neither leg, hands, lip, nor cap; and indeed
such a fellow, to say precisely, were not for the
court; but for me, I have an answer will serve all
men.

DUTCH:
Ik zal mij ten hoogste gevoed en diep geleerd betoonen. Ik weet, dat mijn zending maar naar het hof is .

MORE:
Proverb: Better fed than taught

Put you to=Make you show
Height=Extent
Compleat:
“He is better fed than taught”=Hy is beter vegoed dan onderwezen
Business=Bezigheid, werk, zaak

Topics: order/society, learning/education, proverbs and idioms, civility

PLAY: Othello
ACT/SCENE: 3.3
SPEAKER: Desdemona
CONTEXT:
DESDEMONA
I know ’t, I thank you. You do love my lord.
You have known him long, and be you well assured
He shall in strangeness stand no farther off
Than in a polite distance.
CASSIO
Ay, but, lady,
That policy may either last so long,
Or feed upon such nice and waterish diet,
Or breed itself so out of circumstances,
That, I being absent and my place supplied,
My general will forget my love and service.
DESDEMONA
Do not doubt that. Before Emilia here
I give thee warrant of thy place. Assure thee,
If I do vow a friendship, I’ll perform it
To the last article. My lord shall never rest,
I’ll watch him tame and talk him out of patience.
His bed shall seem a school, his board a shrift,
I’ll intermingle everything he does
With Cassio’s suit. Therefore be merry, Cassio,
For thy solicitor shall rather die
Than give thy cause away.

DUTCH:
Ducht dit geenszins; hier, voor Emilia, blijf ik
U borg voor uw herplaatsing. Wees verzekerd,
Beloof ik iets uit vriendschap, ik volbreng het
Ten einde toe; ik laat mijn gá geen rust;

MORE:
Strangeness=Reserve, distance
Breed=Perpetuate
Doubt=Fear
Friendship=Friendly act
Place supplied=Position filled
Board a shrift=Dinner table, confessional, place of penance
Solicitor=Advocate
Give cause away=Fail the cause
Compleat:
Strangeness=Vreemdheid
Breed=Teelen, werpen; voortbrengen; veroorzaaken; opvoeden
Doubt=Twyffel
Shrive=Biechten
Solicitor (solicitour)=Een verzoeker, vervorderaar, rechtsbevorderaar, solliciteur

Topics: civility, order/society, friendship, loyalty, promise

PLAY: King Henry VI Part 2
ACT/SCENE: 5.1
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
YORK
Whom have we here? Buckingham, to disturb me?
The king hath sent him, sure: I must dissemble.
BUCKINGHAM
York, if thou meanest well, I greet thee well.
YORK
Humphrey of Buckingham, I accept thy greeting.
Art thou a messenger, or come of pleasure?
BUCKINGHAM
A messenger from Henry, our dread liege,
To know the reason of these arms in peace;
Or why thou, being a subject as I am,
Against thy oath and true allegiance sworn,
Should raise so great a power without his leave,
Or dare to bring thy force so near the court.

DUTCH:
Zoo gij als vriend komt, York, dan groet ik vriendlijk.

MORE:

Dissemble=Assume a false appearance
Arms=Army
Dread=Greatly revered

Compleat:
To dissemble (conceal)=Bedekken, bewimpelen; veinzen, ontveinzen, verbloemen
Dread sovereign=Geduchte Vorst

Topics: appearance, deceit, civility, purpose, loyalty

PLAY: Coriolanus
ACT/SCENE: 5.6
SPEAKER: Aufidius
CONTEXT:
AUFIDIUS
Go tell the lords o’ the city I am here:
Deliver them this paper: having read it,
Bid them repair to the market place; where I,
Even in theirs and in the commons’ ears,
Will vouch the truth of it. Him I accuse
The city ports by this hath enter’d and
Intends to appear before the people, hoping
To purge himself with words: dispatch.
AUFIDIUS
Most welcome!
FIRST CONSPIRATOR
How is it with our general?
AUFIDIUS
Even so
As with a man by his own alms empoison’d,
And with his charity slain.
SECOND CONSPIRATOR
Most noble sir,
If you do hold the same intent wherein
You wish’d us parties, we’ll deliver you
Of your great danger.

DUTCH:

MORE:
Ports=Gates
Purge himself=Restore his reputation
Alms=Given to charity
Compleat:
Port=Een poort van de Stad
Purge=Zuyveren, reynigen
Alms=Aalmoes
Alms-house=Een almoesseniers-huys

Topics: authority, mercy, civility

PLAY: A Midsummer Night’s Dream
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Helena
CONTEXT:
HELENA
O spite! O hell! I see you all are bent
To set against me for your merriment.
If you were civil and knew courtesy,
You would not do me thus much injury.
Can you not hate me, as I know you do,
But you must join in souls to mock me too?
If you were men, as men you are in show,
You would not use a gentle lady so
To vow, and swear, and superpraise my parts,
When I am sure you hate me with your hearts.
You both are rivals, and love Hermia,
And now both rivals to mock Helena—
A trim exploit, a manly enterprise,
To conjure tears up in a poor maid’s eyes
With your derision! None of noble sort
Would so offend a virgin, and extort
A poor soul’s patience, all to make you sport.

DUTCH:
O hel! Ik zie, u allen is ‘t genot,
Als gij mij overladen kunt met spot!
Wist gij, wat edel en wat passend is,
Gij zocht geen vreugd in mijne droefenis.

MORE:
Bent=(1) Disposed; (2) Straining
Merriment=Entertainment
Join in souls=Unite
Superpraise=Overpraise
Parts=Qualities
Trim=Impressive
Sort=Status
Derision=Mockery
Extort=Torture
Compleat:
Bent=Buiging, neiging
Merriment=Vreugd, vrolykheid, kortswyl
Parts=Deelen, hoedaanigheden, begaafdheden
Trim=Net, opgeschikt, puntig
Derision=Uitlaching, belaching, bespotting
Extort=Afpersen, afdwingen, afknevelen, ontwringen

Topics: civility

PLAY: Cymbeline
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Imogen
CONTEXT:
IMOGEN
As I am mad, I do:
If you’ll be patient, I’ll no more be mad;
That cures us both. I am much sorry, sir,
You put me to forget a lady’s manners,
By being so verbal: and learn now, for all,
That I, which know my heart, do here pronounce,
By the very truth of it, I care not for you,
And am so near the lack of charity—
To accuse myself—I hate you; which I had rather
You felt than make’t my boast.
CLOTEN
You sin against
Obedience, which you owe your father. For
The contract you pretend with that base wretch,
One bred of alms and foster’d with cold dishes,
With scraps o’ the court, it is no contract, none:
And though it be allow’d in meaner parties—
Yet who than he more mean?—to knit their souls,
On whom there is no more dependency
But brats and beggary, in self-figured knot;
Yet you are curb’d from that enlargement by
The consequence o’ the crown, and must not soil
The precious note of it with a base slave.
A hilding for a livery, a squire’s cloth,
A pantler, not so eminent.

DUTCH:
Ik doe het in mijn waanzin;
En die zal wijken, zijt gij slechts verstandig;
Dit doet ons beidegoed. Het is mij leed,
Dat gij mij dwingt, mijn vrouwenaard verlooch’nend,
Zoo sterk te spreken

MORE:
Put=Cause
Verbal=Talkative
Cold dishes=Leftovers
Dependency=People
Pretent=Claim
Beggary=Destitute people
Enlargement=Freedom
Consequence=Importance
Foil=Defile
Note=Renown
Compleat:
Verbal=Woordelyk, mondelyk; Verbality=Woordelykheid
Dependency=Afhangendheyd, afhanglykheyd, vertrouwen, steunsel, steun
To pretend to=Zich aanmaatigen, zich uitgeeven voor; voorwenden
Beggary=Bedelaary
Enlargement=Vergrooting, wyder uitbreiding; Meerder vryheid dan men te vooren had
Consequence=Belang

Topics: patience, anger, emotion and mood, civility, order/society

PLAY: Twelfth Night
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Malvolio
CONTEXT:
MALVOLIO
My masters, are you mad? Or what are you? Have you no
wit, manners, nor honesty but to gabble like tinkers at
this time of night? Do you make an alehouse of my lady’s
house, that you squeak out your coziers’ catches
without any mitigation or remorse of voice? Is there no
respect of place, persons, nor time in you?
SIR TOBY BELCH
We did keep time, sir, in our catches. Sneck up!
MALVOLIO
Sir Toby, I must be round with you. My lady bade me
tell you, that, though she harbors you as her kinsman,
she’s nothing allied to your disorders. If you can
separate yourself and your misdemeanors, you are welcome
to the house. If not, an it would please you to take
leave of her, she is very willing to bid you farewell.

DUTCH:
Hebt gij geen achting meer voor plaats of personen of tijd? Het gaat alle maat te buiten!

MORE:
Wit=Intellect
Honesty=Decency
Cozier=Cobbler
Mitigation or remorse=Lowering
Sneck up=Hang yourself
Round=Straight, speak plainly
Compleat:
Wit (understanding)=Vinding, schranderheid, verstand
Honesty=Eerbaarheid, vroomheid
Remorse=Knaaging, wroeging, berouw
Mitigation=Verzachting, verzoeting
Roundly=(Honestly, sincerely): Oprechtelyk, voor de vuist

Topics: respect, honesty, civility, excess

PLAY: King Henry VI Part 3
ACT/SCENE: 1.4
SPEAKER: York
CONTEXT:
She-wolf of France, but worse than wolves of France,
Whose tongue more poisons than the adder’s tooth!
How ill-beseeming is it in thy sex
To triumph, like an Amazonian trull,
Upon their woes whom fortune captivates!
But that thy face is, visor-like, unchanging,
Made impudent with use of evil deeds,
I would assay, proud queen, to make thee blush.
To tell thee whence thou camest, of whom derived,
Were shame enough to shame thee, wert thou not
shameless.
Thy father bears the type of King of Naples,
Of both the Sicils and Jerusalem,
Yet not so wealthy as an English yeoman.
Hath that poor monarch taught thee to insult?
It needs not, nor it boots thee not, proud queen,
Unless the adage must be verified,
That beggars mounted run their horse to death.

DUTCH:
Maar, fiere koningin, het baat u niets,
Dan dat het spreekwoord waar blijkt: „Als een beed’laar
Te paard ooit komt, hij jaagt zijn rijdier dood.”

MORE:

Proverb: Set a beggar on horseback and he will ride a gallop (run his horse out of breath): newfound power will go to their heads

Ill-beseeming=Unbecoming, unattractive
Trull=A drab, lewd woman
Captivate=Subdue
Visor=(Vizor, Vizard): Mask
Impudent=Shameless
Assay=Try
Type=Title
Yeoman=Landowner
Needs not=Is unnecessary
Boots not=Is futile
Adage=Proverb

Compleat:
To beseem=Betaamen, voegen, passen
Trull=Een smots, snol
Captivate=Overmeesteren, gevangen neemen
Vizard=Een momaanzigt, mombakkus, masker
Impudent=Onbeschaamd
to assay=Beproeven, toetsen, onderstaan, keuren
Yeoman=Een welgegoed landman, een ryke boer, een Landjonker
It is to no boot=Het doet geen nut, het is te vergeefs
Adage=Spreekwoord

Topics: proverbs and idioms, appearance, civility, language, dignity

PLAY: King Henry IV Part 2
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Lancaster
CONTEXT:
LANCASTER
It was more of his courtesy than your deserving.
FALSTAFF
I know not. Here he is, and here I yield him. And I beseech
your Grace let it be booked with the rest of this day’s deeds
or, by the Lord, I will have it in a particular ballad else, with
mine own picture on the top on ’t, Colevile kissing my foot;
to the which course if I be enforced, if you do not all show
like gilt twopences to me, and I in the clear sky of fame o’ershine you as much as the full moon doth the cinders of the element (which show like pins’ heads to her), believe not the word of the noble. Therefore let me have right, and let desert mount.

DUTCH:
Dat was meer zijne hoffelijkheid dan uwe verdienste.

MORE:

Courtesy=good manners, good breeding; act or show of politeness
Booked=Recorded, documented
Particular ballad=Special ballad devoted to person or occasion
Gilt twopences=Gilded to give the appearance of a half a crown
Cinders of the element=Stars
Desert=Promise, worth, merit
Mount=Rise

Compleat:
Courtesy=Beleefdheid, hoflykheid,, eerbiedigheid; genyg, nyging; vriendelykheid
To book=Te boek stellen, boeken
Desert (from to deserve)=Verdienste, verdiende loon
Mount=Opklimmen, opstygen

Topics: civility, achievement

PLAY: The Tempest
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Prospero
CONTEXT:
By providence divine.
Some food we had, and some fresh water, that
A noble Neapolitan, Gonzalo,
Out of his charity – who, being then appointed
Master of this design – did give us, with
Rich garments, linens, stuffs and necessaries,
Which since have steaded much; so of his gentleness,
Knowing I loved my books, he furnished me
From mine own library with volumes that
I prize above my dukedom.

DUTCH:
Ja, zijn goedheid,
Die wist, hoe ik mijn boeken minde, gaf
Uit mijne boekerij mij werken mede,
Die ‘k hooger stel dan heel mijn hertogdom

MORE:
Steaded much=Been very helpful (stood us in good stead)
Gentleness=Kindness
Compleat:
Gentleness=Zachtheid, zachtzinnigheid, leenigheid, behendigheid
The gentleness of his temper=De zachtheid van zyn temperament
To stead (do service)=Dienst doen
To be of no stead or to serve in no stead=Nergens in staat toe zyn, nergens toe deugen
Stand in good stead=Dienstelyk zyn, goeden dienst doen.

Topics: civility, learning/education, value

PLAY: All’s Well that Ends Well
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: King
CONTEXT:
LAFEW
Mine eyes smell onions; I shall weep anon:
Good Tom Drum, lend me a handkerchief: so,
I thank thee: wait on me home, I’ll make sport with thee:
Let thy courtesies alone, they are scurvy ones.
KING
Let us from point to point this story know,
To make the even truth in pleasure flow.
If thou be’st yet a fresh uncropped flower,
Choose thou thy husband, and I’ll pay thy dower;
For I can guess that by thy honest aid
Thou keep’st a wife herself, thyself a maid.
Of that and all the progress, more or less,
Resolvedly more leisure shall express:
All yet seems well; and if it end so meet,
The bitter past, more welcome is the sweet.

DUTCH:
Dit alles zij ons, punt voor punt, verhaald,
Zoodat de waarheid zelf van vreugde straalt.

MORE:
Anon=Soon
Wait on=Accompany
Sport=Fun
Scurvy=Contemptible
Even=Plain
Progress=Events
More or less=Big or small
Resolvedly=Definitely
Compleat:
Anon=Daadelyk, straks, aanstonds
Wait upon=Op wachten, oppassen
Sport=Spel, kortswyl
Scurvy=Kwaad, slecht
Even=Effen
Resolvedly=Opzettelyk, met opzet

Topics: civility, order/society, respect

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Adam
CONTEXT:
ORLANDO
Who’s there?
ADAM
What, my young master, O my gentle master,
O my sweet master, O you memory
Of old Sir Rowland! Why, what make you here?
Why are you virtuous? Why do people love you?
And wherefore are you gentle, strong, and valiant?
Why would you be so fond to overcome
The bonny prizer of the humorous duke?
Your praise is come too swiftly home before you.
Know you not, master, to some kind of men
Their graces serve them but as enemies?
No more do yours. Your virtues, gentle master,
Are sanctified and holy traitors to you.
Oh, what a world is this when what is comely
Envenoms him that bears it!

DUTCH:
O, welk een wereld is dit, waar liet schoone
Voor hem, die ‘t pleegt en kweekt, vergiftig is!

MORE:
Gentle=Noble
Memory=Reminder
Make=Do (are you doing)
Fond=Foolish
Prizer=Prizefighter
Humorous=Moody, fickle
Comely=Attractive
Envenoms=Poisons
Compleat:
Gentle=Aardig, edelmoedig
Memory=Gedachtenis, geheugenis, onthouding, memorie
I will bring it to his memory=I zal ‘t hem indachtig maaken
Fond=Zot, dwaas, ongerymt
Prize-fighter=Een zwaardschermer
Humoursom (humerous)=Eigenzinnig, koppig, styfhoofdig, eenzinnig
Comely=Bevallig, wel gemaakt

Topics: civility, order/society, caution, age/experience

PLAY: Twelfth Night
ACT/SCENE: 4.2
SPEAKER: Fool
CONTEXT:
FOOL
Out, hyperbolical fiend! How vexest thou this man!
Talkest thou nothing but of ladies?
SIR TOBY BELCH
Well said, Master Parson.
MALVOLIO
Sir Topas, never was man thus wronged. Good Sir Topas,
do not think I am mad. They have laid me here in
hideous darkness.
FOOL
Fie, thou dishonest Satan! I call thee by the most
modest terms, for I am one of those gentle ones that
will use the devil himself with courtesy. Sayest thou that house is dark?

DUTCH:

MORE:
Hyperbolical=Exaggerated, diabolical
Wronged=Mistreated
Modest=Mild (referring to dishonest)
Compleat:
Hyperbolical=Grootspreekend, byster uitspoorig
Wronged=Verongelykt, verkort
Modest=Zedig, eerbaar

Topics: good and bad, abuse, civility, language

PLAY: Romeo and Juliet
ACT/SCENE: 1.5
SPEAKER: Capulet
CONTEXT:
Therefore be patient. Take no note of him.
It is my will, the which if thou respect,
Show a fair presence and put off these frowns,
An ill-beseeming semblance for a feast.

DUTCH:
Wees vriendlijk; neen! toon op ‘t gelaat geen wrevel,
Want dat is iets, wat op een feest niet past.

MORE:
Ill-beseeming=unseemly, unbecoming
Semblance=show, outward appearance
Compleat:
To beseem=betaamen, voegen
Unbecoming=onbetaamelyk, niet voegend
Unbecomingness=Onbetaamelykheid, wanvoegelykheid

Topics: appearance, emotion and mood, civility

PLAY: Othello
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Roderigo
CONTEXT:
RODERIGO
Sir, I will answer any thing. But, I beseech you,
If’t be your pleasure and most wise consent
As partly I find it is that your fair daughter
At this odd-even and dull watch o’ th’ night
Transported with no worse nor better guard
But with a knave of common hire, a gondolier,
To the gross clasps of a lascivious Moor,
If this be known to you and your allowance,
We then have done you bold and saucy wrongs.
But if you know not this my manners tell me
We have your wrong rebuke. Do not believe
That, from the sense of all civility,
I thus would play and trifle with your reverence.
Your daughter if you have not given her leave
I say again, hath made a gross revolt,
Tying her duty, beauty, wit, and fortunes
In an extravagant and wheeling stranger
Of here and everywhere. Straight satisfy yourself.
If she be in her chamber or your house,
Let loose on me the justice of the state
For thus deluding you.

DUTCH:
Ga, overtuig u;
Is ze in haar slaapvertrek of in uw huis,
Zoo straf mij naar de strengheid van de wet,
Wijl ik u laag bedroog.

MORE:
Answer=Answer for, accept responsibility
Odd-even=Turning point, midnight
Dull=Lifeless
Allowance=Permission
Saucy=Insolent
Extravagant=Vagrant
Wheeling=Wandering, roving
Straight=Immediately
Compleat:
Answer for=Verantwoorden, voor iets staan; borg blyven
To play at even and odd=Eeven en oneeven speelen
Dull=Bot, stomp, dof, dom, loom, vadsig, doodsch
Allowance=Verlof, toelaating, inschikking
Saucy=Stout, onbeschaamd, baldaadig
Straightway=Eenswegs, terstond, opstaandevoet

Topics: civility, honesty, respect

PLAY: All’s Well that Ends Well
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: King
CONTEXT:
FIRST LORD
It is the Count Rousillon, my good lord,
Young Bertram.
KING
Youth, thou bear’st thy father’s face;
Frank nature, rather curious than in haste,
Hath well composed thee. Thy father’s moral parts
Mayst thou inherit too! Welcome to Paris.
BERTRAM
My thanks and duty are your majesty’s.
KING
I would I had that corporal soundness now,
As when thy father and myself in friendship
First tried our soldiership! He did look far
Into the service of the time and was
Discipled of the bravest: he lasted long;
But on us both did haggish age steal on
And wore us out of act. It much repairs me
To talk of your good father. In his youth
He had the wit which I can well observe
To-day in our young lords; but they may jest
Till their own scorn return to them unnoted
Ere they can hide their levity in honour;
So like a courtier, contempt nor bitterness
Were in his pride or sharpness; if they were,
His equal had awaked them; and his honour.
Clock to itself, knew the true minute when
Exception bid him speak, and at this time
His tongue obeyed his hand: who were below him
He used as creatures of another place.
And bowed his eminent top to their low ranks.
Making them proud of his humility.
In their poor praise he humbled. Such a man
Might be a copy to these younger times,
Which, followed well, would demonstrate them now
But goers backward.

DUTCH:
Een man als hij kon onzen jong’ren tijd
Een voorbeeld zijn, dat, nagevolgd, zou toonen,
Hoe deze tijd teruggaat.

MORE:
Copy=Example
Equal=Equal ranking
Exception=Disapproval
Courtier=Paradigm of true courtesy
Used=Treated
Scorn=Derision
Unnoted=Ignored
Goers-backward=Regressives
Compleat:
Equal=Wedergade
Courtier=Hoveling
He made exception=Hy had er iets tegen te zeggen
To take exception=Zich over iets belgen

Topics: civility, life, age/experience, independence, order/society, respect, fashion/trends, understanding

PLAY: Julius Caesar
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: Caesar
CONTEXT:
DECIUS
Caesar, all hail! Good morrow, worthy Caesar.
I come to fetch you to the senate house.
CAESAR
And you are come in very happy time
To bear my greeting to the senators
And tell them that I will not come today.
“Cannot” is false, and that I dare not, falser.
I will not come today. Tell them so, Decius.
CALPHURNIA
Say he is sick.
CAESAR
Shall Caesar send a lie?
Have I in conquest stretched mine arm so far
To be afraid to tell greybeards the truth?
Decius, go tell them Caesar will not come.
DECIUS
Most mighty Caesar, let me know some cause,
Lest I be laughed at when I tell them so.
CAESAR
The cause is in my will. I will not come.
That is enough to satisfy the senate.
But for your private satisfaction,
Because I love you, I will let you know.
Calphurnia here, my wife, stays me at home.
She dreamt tonight she saw my statue,
Which, like a fountain with an hundred spouts,
Did run pure blood. And many lusty Romans
Came smiling and did bathe their hands in it.
And these does she apply for warnings and portents
And evils imminent, and on her knee
Hath begged that I will stay at home today.

DUTCH:
En juist te goeder uur zijt gij gekomen,
Om met mijn groeten den senaat de tijding
Te brengen, dat ik heden niet wil komen ;
„Niet kan” waar leugen, en „niet durf’ nog erger ;
lk wil vandaag niet komen ; meld dit, Decius.

MORE:
Happy time=Opportune moment
Greybeards=Old men
Cause=Reason
Compleat:
Happy=Gelukkig, gelukzalig
Cause=Oorzaak, reden, zaak

Topics: language, authority, civility, order/society

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Orlando
CONTEXT:
ORLANDO
Shall I keep your hogs and eat husks with them? What
prodigal portion have I spent that I should come to such
penury?
OLIVER
Know you where you are, sir?
ORLANDO
O sir, very well: here in your orchard.
OLIVER
Know you before whom, sir?
ORLANDO
Ay, better than him I am before knows me. I know you
are my eldest brother, and in the gentle condition of
blood you should so know me. The courtesy of nations
allows you my better, in that you are the first-born,
but the same tradition takes not away my blood, were
there twenty brothers betwixt us. I have as much of my
father in me as you, albeit, I confess, your coming
before me is nearer to his reverence.

DUTCH:
De begunstiging van de volkswet erkent u als mijn meerdere, omdat gij de eerstgeborene zijt; maar ditzelfde aloud gebruik ontneemt mij het recht van mijn geboorte niet, al waren er twintig broeders tusschen ons in.

MORE:
But poor=A measly, only (a miserable)
On his blessing=In order to obtain his blessing
Breed=Educate, bring up
School=University
Profit=Progress, advancement
Stays=Detains
Unkept=Unkempt
Fair with=Blossom because of
Manège=Paces
Dearly=Expensively
Bound=Indebted
Countenance=Behaviour, attitude
Hinds=Farmhands
Mines=Undermines
Compleat:
But=Maar, of, dan, behalven, maar alleen
Poor=(mean, pitiful) Arm, elendig
Blessing=Zegening
Breed=Teelen, werpen; voortbrengen; veroorzaaken; opvoeden
Profit=Voordeel, gewin, nut, profyt, winst, baat
To stay=Wagten
Dear=Duurgekocht
Bound=Gebonden, verbonden, verpligt, dienstbaar
Out of countenance=Bedeesd, verbaasd, ontsteld, ontroerd

Topics: learning/education, order/society, status, equality, civility

PLAY: Troilus and Cressida
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: Ulysses
CONTEXT:
ULYSSES
The elephant hath joints, but none for courtesy:
his legs are legs for necessity, not for flexure.
PATROCLUS
Achilles bids me say, he is much sorry,
If any thing more than your sport and pleasure
Did move your greatness and this noble state
To call upon him; he hopes it is no other
But for your health and your digestion sake,
And after-dinner’s breath.

DUTCH:
De olifant heeft gewrichten, maar niet voor beleefdheid;
zijn beenen zijn beenen voor noodzakelijkheid, maar
niet voor buigingen.

MORE:
None for courtesy=Elephants supposedly had no knee joints and therefore could not bow
Flexure=Bending
Sport=Exercise
State=Company
Breath=Exercise
Compleat:
Flexure=Buiging
Sport=Spel, kortwyl
Breath=Luchtschepping

Topics: civility, order/society, respect

PLAY: Romeo and Juliet
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: Mercutio
CONTEXT:
The pox of such antic, lisping, affecting fantasticoes, these new tuners of accents! “By Jesu, a very good blade! A very tall man! A very good whore!” Why, is not this a lamentable thing, grandsire, that we should be thus afflicted with these strange flies, these fashion-mongers, these “pardon me’s,” who stand so much on the new form, that they cannot sit at ease on the old bench? Oh, their bones, their bones!

DUTCH:
Och, naar de maan met al die bespottelijke, lispelende,
gemaakte windbuilen, die nieuwe bauwers van brabbelwoorden!

MORE:
Schmidt:
Affecting=Using affectations
Fantasticoes (sometimes fantasmines)=Fantastic, coxcomical persons (fopppish, conceited)
Blade=Fencer; used as an emblem of youth
Fashion-monger=one who affects gentility (fashion-monging)
Tune=tune of the time (see Hamlet 5.2)
A pardon-me=One who is always excusing himself
Compleat:
Blade=Een Jonker, wittebroods kind
A fine blade=Een fraai Jongeling
To blade it=Den Jonker speelen
Pardon me=Vergeef het my
To pardon=Vergeeven, quytschelden
A pardon-monger=Die Aflaaten verkoopt

Topics: civility, appearance, custom, language

PLAY: Coriolanus
ACT/SCENE: 2.3
SPEAKER: First Citizen
CONTEXT:
CORIOLANUS
No, sir,’twas never my desire yet to trouble the
poor with begging.
THIRD CITIZEN
You must think, if we give you any thing, we hope to
gain by you.
CORIOLANUS
Well then, I pray, your price o’ the consulship?
FIRST CITIZEN
The price is to ask it kindly.
CORIOLANUS
Kindly! Sir, I pray, let me ha’t: I have wounds to
show you, which shall be yours in private. Your
good voice, sir; what say you?
SECOND CITIZEN
You shall ha’ it, worthy sir.
CORIOLANUS
A match, sir. There’s in all two worthy voices
begged. I have your alms: adieu.

DUTCH:
De prijs is, dat gij vriendlijk er om vraagt.

MORE:
Consulship=Position of consul
A match=Agreement, compact, bargain
Compleat:
Match (or bargain)=Koop, onderhandeling, overeenstemming
Consulship=Consulaat, consulschap

Topics: poverty and wealth, promise, leadership, merit, civility

PLAY: The Tempest
ACT/SCENE: 2.1
SPEAKER: Gonzalo
CONTEXT:
SEBASTIAN
You were kneeled to and importuned otherwise
By all of us, and the fair soul herself
Weighed between loathness and obedience, at
Which end o’ th’ beam should bow. We have lost your son,
I fear, forever. Milan and Naples have
More widows in them of this business’ making
Than we bring men to comfort them.
The fault’s your own.
ALONSO
So is the dearest o’ th’ loss.
GONZALO
My lord Sebastian,
The truth you speak doth lack some gentleness
And time to speak it in. You rub the sore
When you should bring the plaster.
SEBASTIAN
Very well.
ANTONIO
And most chirurgeonly.
GONZALO
It is foul weather in us all, good sir,
When you are cloudy.

DUTCH:
Mijn prins Sebastiaan, wat gij waars daar zegt,
Mist zachtheid en den juisten tijd voor de uiting;
Gij schrijnt de wond, die gij verbinden moest.

MORE:
Schmidt/Arden:
Importune (in the sense of ‘ask urgently and persistently’ usu. with a person as obj.)
Weighed=Considered, balanced (between loathness and obedience)
Loathness=Unwillingness, reluctance; repulsion, dislike
Dearest=Bitterest, heaviest, coming at a high price
Time=The appropriate time
Chirurgeonly=In the manner of a surgeon:
Compleat:
To importune=Lastig vallen, zeer dringen, gestadig aanhouden, overdringen, aandringen
Loathsomness=Walgelykheid
Chirurgery=De heelkunst, wondheelkunde
Chirurgion=een Heelmeester, wondheeler, wondarts. Beter ‘Surgeon’
Dear-bought experience=Een duurgekogte ondervinding

Topics: truth, language, civility, emotion and mood

PLAY: The Tempest
ACT/SCENE: 3.3
SPEAKER: Gonzalo
CONTEXT:
If in Naples
I should report this now, would they believe me?
If I should say, I saw such islanders—
For, certes, these are people of the island—
Who, though they are of monstrous shape, yet note,
Their manners are more gentle-kind than of
Our human generation you shall find
Many—nay, almost any.

DUTCH:
En wis, dit zijn toch lieden van het eiland,
Die, schoon ook monsterachtig van gedaante,
Zoo lief’lijk , vriend’lijk waren in hun doen,
Als gij bij enk’len slechts van ‘t menschenras,
Ja, schier bij niemand vindt.

MORE:
Gentle-kind = courteous
For certes = certainly
Compleat:
Courteous (gentle, kind)=Beleefd, hoffelyk
Generation (or lineage)=Nakomelinschap, makroost

Topics: appearance, virtue, civility

PLAY: The Tempest
ACT/SCENE: 3.1
SPEAKER: Miranda
CONTEXT:
There be some sports are painful, and their labour
Delight in them sets off. Some kinds of baseness
Are nobly undergone. And most poor matters
Point to rich ends. This my mean task
Would be as heavy to me as odious, but
The mistress which I serve quickens what’s dead
And makes my labours pleasures. Oh, she is
Ten times more gentle than her father’s crabbed,
And he’s composed of harshness. I must remove
Some thousands of these logs and pile them up,
Upon a sore injunction. My sweet mistress
Weeps when she sees me work, and says such baseness
Had never like executor. I forget,
But these sweet thoughts do even refresh my labours,
Most busiest when I do it.

DUTCH:
Vermaken zijn er, die vermoeien, ‘t zwoegen
Verhoogt den lust er van; soms wordt verneed’ring
Met eer verduurd en voert ook het geringste
Tot heerlijke uitkomst

MORE:
Baseness=Low rank manual labour
Mean=humble
Heavy=Sorrowful, grievous
Quickens=Enlivens
Sore injunction=Harsh command
Crabbed=Churlish, morose
Compleat:
Baseness=Laagheid, lafhartigheid; Geringheid
Mean=Gering, slecht
Heavy (sasd)=Droevig, verdrietig
The burden lay sore upon me=De last lag zwaar op my (of drukte my zeer)
Crabbed=Wrang, stuursch, kribbig, nors, korzel
A crabbed fellow=Een norse vent

Topics: work, status, civility, satisfaction, money

PLAY: Cymbeline
ACT/SCENE: 3.6
SPEAKER: Belarius
CONTEXT:
BELARIUS
Prithee, fair youth,
Think us no churls, nor measure our good minds
By this rude place we live in. Well encounter’d!
‘Tis almost night: you shall have better cheer
Ere you depart: and thanks to stay and eat it.
Boys, bid him welcome.
GUIDERIUS
Were you a woman, youth,
I should woo hard but be your groom. In honesty,
I bid for you as I’d buy.
ARVIRAGUS
I’ll make’t my comfort
He is a man; I’ll love him as my brother:
And such a welcome as I’d give to him
After long absence, such is yours: most welcome!
Be sprightly, for you fall ‘mongst friends.

DUTCH:
Acht ons geen lomperds; schat ons zacht gemoed
Niet naar de woeste woning

MORE:
Churl=Peasant, rude and ill-bred fellow
To measure=To judge
Sprightly=Lively, in good spirits
Compleat:
Churl=Een plompe boer; een vrek
Churlish=Woest, boersch, onbeschoft
To measure a thing by one’s own profit=Een zaak schatten naar het voordeel dat men ‘er van trekt
To measure other peoples corn by one’s own bushel=Een ander by zich zelven afmeeten
Sprightly=Wakker, levendig, vol moeds, vol vuurs

Topics: civility, order/society, appearance, value, judgment, poverty and wealth

PLAY: The Taming of the Shrew
ACT/SCENE: 5.2
SPEAKER: Vincentio
CONTEXT:
PETRUCHIO
Why, there’s a wench! Come on and kiss me, Kate.
LUCENTIO
Well, go thy ways, old lad, for thou shalt ha ’t.
VINCENTIO
‘Tis a good hearing when children are toward.
LUCENTIO
But a harsh hearing when women are froward.
PETRUCHIO
Come, Kate, we’ll to bed.
We three are married, but you two are sped.
‘Twas I won the wager, though you hit the white,
And, being a winner, God give you good night!
HORTENSIO
Now, go thy ways, thou hast tamed a curst shrew.
LUCENTIO
‘Tis a wonder, by your leave, she will be tamed so.

DUTCH:
t Is lieflijk te hooren, als kind’ren zoo willig zijn.

MORE:
Go thy ways=Well done
Ha’t=Have it (win the prize)
Good hearing=Good to hear
Toward=Obedient, well-behaved
Sped=Done for
White=Centre of the target
Compleat:
Toward=Genegen
Sped=Geschieden

Topics: civility, marriage

PLAY: Coriolanus
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Cominius
CONTEXT:
COMINIUS
I have been i’ the market-place; and, sir,’tis fit
You make strong party, or defend yourself
By calmness or by absence: all’s in anger.
MENENIUS
Only fair speech.
COMINIUS
I think ’twill serve, if he
Can thereto frame his spirit.
VOLUMNIA
He must, and will
Prithee now, say you will, and go about it.
CORIOLANUS
Must I go show them my unbarbed sconce?
Must I with base tongue give my noble heart
A lie that it must bear? Well, I will do’t:
Yet, were there but this single plot to lose,
This mould of Marcius, they to dust should grind it
And throw’t against the wind. To the market-place!
You have put me now to such a part which never
I shall discharge to the life.
COMINIUS
Come, come, we’ll prompt you.
VOLUMNIA
I prithee now, sweet son, as thou hast said
My praises made thee first a soldier, so,
To have my praise for this, perform a part
Thou hast not done before.

DUTCH:
Ik kom van ‘t Forum, en ‘t is raadzaam, vriend,
Dat ge u versterkt; of anders helpt u slechts
Zachtmoedigheid of vlucht; in woede is alles.

MORE:
Strong party=With robust defences
Unbarbed sconce=Bare-headed
Single plot=Body
Discharge to the life=Perform convincingly
Compleat:
Barbed=Geschooren, gepotst; gebaard
To discharge one’s self from a great Obligation=Zich zelf van eene groote verplichting ontslaan

Topics: dispute, respect, perception, civility

PLAY: Coriolanus
ACT/SCENE: 5.6
SPEAKER: Aufidius
CONTEXT:
AUFIDIUS
Go tell the lords o’ the city I am here:
Deliver them this paper: having read it,
Bid them repair to the market place; where I,
Even in theirs and in the commons’ ears,
Will vouch the truth of it. Him I accuse
The city ports by this hath enter’d and
Intends to appear before the people, hoping
To purge himself with words: dispatch.
AUFIDIUS
Most welcome!
FIRST CONSPIRATOR
How is it with our general?
AUFIDIUS
Even so
As with a man by his own alms empoison’d,
And with his charity slain.
SECOND CONSPIRATOR
Most noble sir,
If you do hold the same intent wherein
You wish’d us parties, we’ll deliver you
Of your great danger.

DUTCH:
Dien ik beschuldig,
Trok juist de poort daar binnen, en is willens
Zich voor het volk te stellen, in de hoop,
Door woorden zich te zuiv’ren. Gaat!

MORE:
Ports=Gates
Purge himself=Restore his reputation
Alms=Given to charity
Compleat:
Port=Een poort van de Stad
Purge=Zuyveren, reynigen
Alms=Aalmoes
Alms-house=Een almoesseniers-huys

Topics: authority, mercy, civility

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 3.2
SPEAKER: Touchstone
CONTEXT:
TOUCHSTONE
Such a one is a natural philosopher. Wast ever in court, shepherd?
CORIN
No, truly.
TOUCHSTONE
Then thou art damned.
CORIN
Nay, I hope.
TOUCHSTONE
Truly, thou art damned, like an ill-roasted egg, all on one side.
CORIN
For not being at court? Your reason.
TOUCHSTONE
Why, if thou never wast at court, thou never sawest good manners; if thou never sawest good manners, then thy manners must be wicked; and wickedness is sin, and sin is damnation. Thou art in a parlous state, shepherd.
CORIN
Not a whit, Touchstone: those that are good manners at the court are as ridiculous in the country as the behavior of the country is most mockable at the court.
TOUCHSTONE
Instance, briefly. Come, instance.

DUTCH:
Waarachtig, gij wordt gebraden, evenals een slecht gebraden ei, aldoor aan éen kant.

MORE:
Wast=Wast thou
Ill-roasted=Unevenly cooked
Manners=Polite behaviour, morals
Parlous=Perilous, in danger
Behaviour=Conduct
Compleat:
Over-roasted=Al te lang gebraaden
Thou wast=Gy waart
Manners=Zeden, manieren, manierlykheid
Parlous=Gevaarlyk, loos; Onvergelykelyk, weergaloos
Behaviour=Gedrag, handel en wandel, ommegang, aanstelling

Topics: insult, order/society, status, civility

PLAY: King Henry IV Part 1
ACT/SCENE: 2.4
SPEAKER: Falstaff
CONTEXT:
What doth Gravity out of his bed at midnight? Shall I give him his answer?

DUTCH:
Wat doet de deftigheid te middernacht uit haar bed? Zal ik hem te woord staan?

MORE:
Schmidt
Gravity=Dignity, solemnity of deportment or character, venerableness
Compleat:
Gravity=Deftigheyd, Stemmigheyd, Ernsthaftigheyd, staataigheyd

Topics: civility, authority

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 1.2
SPEAKER: Le Beau
CONTEXT:
ORLANDO
What passion hangs these weights upon my tongue?
I cannot speak to her, yet she urged conference.
O poor Orlando! Thou art overthrown.
Or Charles or something weaker masters thee.
LE BEAU
Good sir, I do in friendship counsel you
To leave this place. Albeit you have deserved
High commendation, true applause, and love,
Yet such is now the duke’s condition
That he misconsters all that you have done.
The duke is humorous. What he is indeed
More suits you to conceive than I to speak of.
ORLANDO
I thank you, sir, and pray you tell me this:
Which of the two was daughter of the duke
That here was at the wrestling?
LE BEAU
Neither his daughter, if we judge by manners,
But yet indeed the smaller is his daughter
The other is daughter to the banished duke,
And here detained by her usurping uncle
To keep his daughter company, whose loves
Are dearer than the natural bond of sisters.
But I can tell you that of late this duke
Hath ta’en displeasure ‘gainst his gentle niece,
Grounded upon no other argument
But that the people praise her for her virtues
And pity her for her good father’s sake;
And, on my life, his malice ‘gainst the lady
Will suddenly break forth. Sir, fare you well.
Hereafter, in a better world than this,
I shall desire more love and knowledge of you.

DUTCH:
Wat hartstocht slaat mijn tong in zwaren boei?
Ik kon niet spreken, schoon zij ‘t wenschte, en drong.

MORE:
Conference=Discourse, discussion
Condition=Disposition
Misconster=Misconstrue
Humorous=Temperamental
Manners=Morals, character
Argument=Reason
Compleat:
Conference=Onderhandeling, t’zamenspraak, mondgemeenschap
Condition=Aardt, gesteltenis
Misconstrue=Misduyden, verkeerd uytleggen
Humoursom (humerous)=Eigenzinnig, koppig, styfhoofdig, eenzinnig
Manners=Zeden, manieren, manierlykheid
Argument=Bewys, bewysreden, dringreden; kort begrip der zaak die te bewyzen staat; inhoud

Topics: emotion and mood, status, civility, order/society

PLAY: King Lear
ACT/SCENE: 5.3
SPEAKER: Edmund
CONTEXT:
What you have charged me with, that have I done,
And more, much more; the time will bring it out.
‘Tis past, and so am I. But what art thou
That hast this fortune on me? If thou’rt noble,
I do forgive thee.
EDGAR
Let’s exchange charity.
I am no less in blood than thou art, Edmond.
If more, the more th’hast wronged me.
My name is Edgar, and thy father’s son.
The gods are just, and of our pleasant vices
Make instruments to plague us.
The dark and vicious place where thee he got
Cost him his eyes.

DUTCH:
Al wat gij mij verweet, ik heb ‘t gedaan,
En meer, veel meer; de tijd zal ‘t openbaren;
‘t Is al voorbij, ik ook. Maar wie zijt gij,
Die mij versloegt ? Zijt gij van adel, dan
Vergeef ik u.

MORE:
Schmidt;
Charity=That disposition of heart which inclines men to think favourably of their fellow-men, and to do them good.

Topics: blame, offence, mercy, civility, fate/destiny, status

PLAY: Romeo and Juliet
ACT/SCENE: 1.5
SPEAKER: First Servingman
CONTEXT:
FIRST SERVINGMAN
When good manners shall lie all in one or two men’s hands, and they unwashed too, ’tis a foul thing.
PETER
Away with the joint-stools, remove the court-cupboard, look to the plate. Good thou, save me a piece of marchpane, and, as thou loves me, let the porter let in Susan Grindstone and Nell.—Antony and Potpan!

DUTCH:
Als het voor de netheid aankomt op een paar menschenhanden,
en die zijn bovendien ongewasschen, dan ziet het er treurig uit.

MORE:
Schmidt:
Court-cupboard (cubbert, cubbord)=movable display closet or buffet
Marchpane=marzipan. Do they
Compleat:
Joint-stool=Een zitbankje, schabelletje

Topics: civility, appearance, custom

PLAY: All’s Well that Ends Well
ACT/SCENE: 1.1
SPEAKER: Parolles
CONTEXT:
HELEN
You go so much backward when you fight.
PAROLLES
That’s for advantage.
HELEN
So is running away, when fear proposes the safety;
but the composition that your valour and fear makes
in you is a virtue of a good wing, and I like the wear
well.
PAROLLES
I am so full of businesses, I cannot answer thee
acutely. I will return perfect courtier; in the
which, my instruction shall serve to naturalize
thee, so thou wilt be capable of a courtier’s
counsel and understand what advice shall thrust upon
thee; else thou diest in thine unthankfulness, and
thine ignorance makes thee away: farewell. When
thou hast leisure, say thy prayers; when thou hast
none, remember thy friends; get thee a good husband,
and use him as he uses thee; so, farewell.

DUTCH:
Als gij tijd hebt, zeg dan uwe gebeden op, en hebt gij dien niet, denk dan aan uwe vrienden.

MORE:
Answer thee acutely=Give a witty response
“None” believed by some to be a misprint for “money”.
Courtier=Paradigm of true courtesy
Use=Treat
Makes thee away=Finishes you off
Compleat:
Leisurably=By ledigen tyd
Courtier=Hoveling

Topics: marriage, friendship, loyalty, civility, ingratitude

PLAY: A Midsummer Night’s Dream
ACT/SCENE: 2.2
SPEAKER: Helena
CONTEXT:
HELENA
Wherefore was I to this keen mockery born?
When at your hands did I deserve this scorn?
Is ’t not enough, is ’t not enough, young man,
That I did never, no, nor never can,
Deserve a sweet look from Demetrius’ eye,
But you must flout my insufficiency?
Good troth, you do me wrong, good sooth, you do,
In such disdainful manner me to woo.
But fare you well. Perforce I must confess
I thought you lord of more true gentleness.
Oh, that a lady of one man refused
Should of another therefore be abused!

DUTCH:
Waarom verdiende ik zulk een hoon van ‘t lot,
Wanneer van u, Lysander, zulk een spot?

MORE:
Keen=Bitter, sharp
Mockery=Derision
Flout=Mock
Gentleness=Breeding, gentility
Of another=By another
Compleat:
Keen=Scherp, bits, doordringend
Mockery=Bespotting, spotterny
To flout=Bespotten, beschimpen
Gentility=Edelmanschap

Topics: civility, fate/destiny, dignity

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 5.4
SPEAKER: Touchstone
CONTEXT:
TOUCHSTONE
I durst go no further than the lie circumstantial, nor
he durst not give me the lie direct, and so we measured
swords and parted.
JAQUES
Can you nominate in order now the degrees of the lie?
TOUCHSTONE
O sir, we quarrel in print, by the book, as you have
books for good manners. I will name you the degrees: the
first, “the retort courteous;” the second, “the quip
modest;” the third, “the reply churlish;” the fourth,
“the reproof valiant;” the fifth, “the countercheque
quarrelsome;” the sixth, “the lie with circumstance;”
the seventh, “the lie direct.” All these you may avoid
but the lie direct, and you may avoid that, too, with an
“if.” I knew when seven justices could not take up a
quarrel, but when the parties were met themselves, one
of them thought but of an “if,” as: “If you said so,
then I said so.” And they shook hands and swore
brothers. Your “if” is the only peacemaker: much virtue
in “if.”

DUTCH:
Zoo’n „indien” is de ware vredestichter; ontzachlijk
krachtig dat „indien”!

MORE:
Quarrel=To wrangle, to seek occasion of a fray, to pick a quarrel.
Met=Had come together
Peace-maker=One who composes differences
Compleat:
Quarrel=Krakeel; twist
A peacemaker=Een vreedemaaker, bevreediger

“O Sir, we quarrel in print: Ref. Fleming, A Panoplie of Epistles (1576), 357: Considering that whatsoever is uttered in such men’s hearing, must be done in print, as we say in our common proverb.

Burgersdijk notes:
Door een logenstraffing, zevenmaal herhaald. Hier en in het volgende wordt gezinspeeld op een boek, dat in 1595 in Londen werd uitgegeven, van Vincentio Saviolo, een schermmeester, waarschijnlijk uit Padua afkomstig en door Essex begunstigd. Het heet: „Vincentio Saviolo his Practise. In two Bookes. The first intreating of the use of the Rapier and Dagger. The second of honour and honourable Quarrels.” Van het tweede deel zegt de schrijver: A discourse most necessarie for all gentlemen that have in regard their honours, touching the giving and receiving of the Lie, where upon the Duello and the Combats in divers sortes doth insue, and many other inconveniences, for lack only of the trite Knowledge of honour and the contrary and the right understanding of wordes. Onder de hoofdstukken vindt men o. a.: What the reason is that the portie unto whom the lye is given ought to become Challenger: and of the nature of Lies; — Of the manner and diversitie of Lies; — Of Lies certaine; — Of conditionall Lies, enz.
Hier en daar ontleent Toetssteen het een en ander woordelijk uit dit boek; zoo leest men in het laatstgenoemd kapittel: „Conditionall lyes be such as are given conditionally; as if a man should saie or write these wordes: If thou hast saide that 1 have offered my Lord abuse, thou lyest; or if thou saiest so hereafter, thou shalt lye. Of these kind of lyes given in this manner often arise much contention in wordes whereof no sure conclusion can arise.” — Vandaar zegt Toetssteen dan ook „Ons twisten gaat naar de boeken”; er staat: in print, by the book: ,,zooals ‘t gedrukt is, naar het boek.”

Topics: law, language, civility, learning/education, dispute, proverbs and idioms

PLAY: As You Like It
ACT/SCENE: 2.7
SPEAKER: Duke Senior
CONTEXT:

DUKE SENIOR
Art thou thus boldened, man, by thy distress
Or else a rude despiser of good manners,
That in civility thou seem’st so empty?
ORLANDO
You touched my vein at first. The thorny point
Of bare distress hath ta’en from me the show
Of smooth civility, yet am I inland bred
And know some nurture. But forbear, I say.
He dies that touches any of this fruit
Till I and my affairs are answerèd.
JAQUES
An you will not be answered with reason, I must die.
DUKE SENIOR
What would you have? Your gentleness shall force
More than your force move us to gentleness.

DUTCH:
Doch vriend’lijkheid dwingt meer,
Dan ooit uw dwang tot vriend’lijkheid ons stemt.

MORE:
Proverb: There is a great force hidden in a sweet command (1581).

Empty=Void, destitute
Touched=Identified
Vein=Disposition, temper, humour
Thorny point=(fig.) Piercing
Bare distress=Pure pain and misery
Inland=A word of a very vague signification, not so much denoting remoteness from the sea or the frontier, as a seat of peace and peaceful civilization; (perhaps opposite to ‘outlandish’)
Nurture=Good breeding, humanity
Answered=Satisfied, settled
Gentleness=Gentility; kindness, mild manners
Compleat:
Emtpy=Ledig
An empty hope=Een ydele hoop
Thorny=Doornig
Distress=Benaauwdheyd, verlegenheyd; beslag an goederen, panding
Nurture=Opvoeding
Answer=Beantwoorden; antwoord geven
Gentle=(mild or moderate) Zagtmoedig, maatig

Topics: proverbs and idioms, order/society, language, civility, learning/education

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